ferme
English
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
See also
- parc ferme (etymologically unrelated)
References
- OED2
- 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɛʁm/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle French ferme, from Old French ferm, ferme (“solid”), from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).
Derived terms
Verb
ferme
- inflection of fermer:
- first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
- second-person singular imperative
Etymology 2
From Middle French ferme (“farm, farm buildings”), from Old French ferme (“lease for working, rent, farm”), from Medieval Latin ferma, firma (“rent, tax, tribute, farm”), from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”). Related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Romanian: fermă
Further reading
- “ferme”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfer.me/
- Rhymes: -erme
- Hyphenation: fér‧me
Latin
Etymology
From *ferimē, earlier superlative of ferē, from Proto-Italic *feramos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”). Cognates include firmus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈfer.meː/, [ˈfɛrmeː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈfer.me/, [ˈfɛrme]
Adverb
fermē (not comparable)
References
- “ferme”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ferme”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ferme in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Medieval Latin ferma, Old French ferme, and their etymon Old English feorm, from Proto-West Germanic *fermu, from Proto-Germanic *fermō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfɛrm(ə)/, /ˈfarm(ə)/
Noun
ferme (plural fermes)
Descendants
References
- “ferme, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “ferme, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
From Old French ferm, ferme, from Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfɛrm(ə)/
Adjective
ferme (plural and weak singular ferme)
Descendants
References
- “ferm, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
References
- “ferm(e, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French ferm, ferme (“solid”), from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”).
Old French
Etymology
From Medieval Latin ferma, firma (“rent, tax, tribute, farm”), from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *firmō, *fermō (“means of living, subsistence”), from *firhu- (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”).
Descendants
Romanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈferme]