dubh
Irish
Alternative forms
- dú- (combining form)
Etymology
From Old Irish dub, from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”). Cognates include English deaf.
Pronunciation
Adjective
dubh (genitive singular masculine duibh, genitive singular feminine duibhe, plural dubha, comparative duibhe or dúcha)
Declension
Declension of dubh
| Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | dubh | dhubh | dubha; dhubha² | |
| Vocative | dhuibh | dubha | ||
| Genitive | duibhe | dubha | dubh | |
| Dative | dubh; dhubh¹ |
dhubh; dhuibh (archaic) |
dubha; dhubha² | |
| Comparative | níos duibhe | |||
| Superlative | is duibhe | |||
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
- Alternative comparative form: dúcha (Cois Fharraige)
Derived terms
- abhac dubh (“black dwarf”)
- baintreach dhubh (“black widow”)
- béar dubh (“black bear”)
- ceanndubh (“black-headed”, adjective)
- clár dubh (“blackboard”)
- dú- (“black, dark”)
- dubh an charbóin (“carbon black”)
- dubh carbóin (“carbon black”)
- dúch (“ink”)
- dúchan
- dúghorm (“dark blue, navy blue”, adjective)
- geabhróg dhubh (“black tern”)
- grús píbdhubh (“black-necked crane”)
- leann dubh (“stout, porter”)
- lon dubh (“blackbird”)
- lúbán dubh (“black pudding”)
- margadh dubh (“black market”)
- píbdhubh (“black-necked”, adjective)
- piobar dubh (“black pepper”)
- putóg dhubh (“black pudding”)
- scamhóg dhubh (“black lung”)
- scothdhubh (“blackish”, adjective)
- súil dhubh (“black eye, shiner”)
- tae dubh (“black tea”)
Declension
Declension of dubh
First declension
|
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- ó dhubh go dubh (“from dawn to dusk”)
See also
| bán | liath | dubh |
| dearg; corcairdhearg | oráiste, flannbhuí; donn | buí; bánbhuí |
| líoma-ghlas, glas líoma | glas, uaine | dath an mhiontais |
| cian; téal | gormghlas, spéirghorm | gorm |
| corcairghorm; indeagó | maigeanta; corcra | bándearg |
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| dubh | dhubh | ndubh |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “dubh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “dub”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “dubh” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 72.
- Entries containing “dubh” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 19
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 29
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish dub (“black”), from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”).
Cognates within Celtic include Breton du (“black”), Welsh du (“black”), Cornish duv or du (“black”), Gaulish river name Dubis, now Doubs. Cognates outside Celtic include Ancient Greek τυφλός (tuphlós, “blind”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍃 (daubs, “deaf”), German taub (“deaf”), English deaf, English dumb.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t̪uh/, /t̪u/, /t̪uː/, /t̪uv/, /t̪uːv/
Adjective
dubh
Derived terms
- bòrd-dubh (“blackboard”)
- cailleachag a' chinn duibh (“coal tit”)
- dubh-cheist
- dubh dorch (“pitch black”)
- dubh-fhacal (“riddle”)
- duine dubh (“Negro”)
- gealag-dhubh-cheannach (“reed bunting”)
- losgann dubh (“toad”)
- màl dubh (“blackmail”, noun)
- marag dhubh (“black pudding”)
- sgian-dubh (“sgian dubh”)
Noun
Derived terms
Derived terms
See also
| bàn, geal | glas | dubh |
| dearg; ruadh | orainds; donn | buidhe; donn |
| uaine | uaine | gorm |
| liath; glas | liath | gorm |
| purpaidh; guirmean | pinc; purpaidh | pinc |
References
- dubh at MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “dubh”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN. Accessed 4 Feb. 2015.
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “dub”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language Accessed 4 Feb. 2015.
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “dubh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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