dilemma

See also: Dilemma

English

In the story of Odysseus, a ship captain faced a dilemma when he was forced to choose between confronting one of two dangerous sea monsters, Scylla or Charybdis, leading to the phrase between Scylla and Charybdis.

Etymology

PIE word
*dwóh₁

First attested 1523, from Late Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma, ambiguous proposition), from δι- (di-, having two of) + λῆμμα (lêmma, premise, proposition).

Pronunciation

  • enPR: dī-lĕmʹə or dĭ-lĕmʹə, IPA(key): /daɪˈlɛmə/, /dɪˈlɛmə/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛmə

Noun

dilemma (plural dilemmas or dilemmata)

  1. A circumstance in which a choice must be made between two or more alternatives that seem equally undesirable.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:dilemma
    • 1731, Jonathan Swift, "An Epistle to Mr. Gay"
      A strong dilemma in a desperate case! / To act with infamy, or quit the place.
  2. A difficult circumstance or problem.
    Synonyms: bind, fix, pickle, problem, quandary
  3. (logic) A type of syllogism of the form "if A is true then B is true; if C is true then D is true; either A or C is true; therefore either B or D is true".
  4. (rhetoric) Offering to an opponent a choice between two (equally unfavorable) alternatives.

Usage notes

Occasionally misspelled as dilemna, perhaps originally via false analogy with words such as condemn, solemn, and hymn. This spelling has been reportedly taught in many regions of Great Britain and the United States as well as around the world, and can be found in the works of many well-known authors (e.g. Isaac Watts, Defoe & Goldsmith).[1]

Derived terms

Translations

See also

References

  1. Michael Quinion (1996–2023), Dilemma”, in World Wide Words.

Further reading

Anagrams


Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˌdiˈlɛ.maː/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: di‧lem‧ma
  • Rhymes: -ɛmaː

Noun

dilemma n (plural dilemma's, diminutive dilemmaatje n)

  1. dilemma (between two alternatives)

Derived terms


Finnish

Etymology

From Late Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdilemːɑ/, [ˈdile̞mːɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ilemːɑ
  • Syllabification(key): di‧lem‧ma

Noun

dilemma

  1. dilemma (between two alternatives)

Declension

Inflection of dilemma (Kotus type 13/katiska, no gradation)
nominative dilemma dilemmat
genitive dilemman dilemmoiden
dilemmoitten
dilemmojen
partitive dilemmaa dilemmoita
dilemmoja
illative dilemmaan dilemmoihin
singular plural
nominative dilemma dilemmat
accusative nom. dilemma dilemmat
gen. dilemman
genitive dilemman dilemmoiden
dilemmoitten
dilemmojen
dilemmainrare
partitive dilemmaa dilemmoita
dilemmoja
inessive dilemmassa dilemmoissa
elative dilemmasta dilemmoista
illative dilemmaan dilemmoihin
adessive dilemmalla dilemmoilla
ablative dilemmalta dilemmoilta
allative dilemmalle dilemmoille
essive dilemmana dilemmoina
translative dilemmaksi dilemmoiksi
instructive dilemmoin
abessive dilemmatta dilemmoitta
comitative dilemmoineen
Possessive forms of dilemma (type katiska)
possessor singular plural
1st person dilemmani dilemmamme
2nd person dilemmasi dilemmanne
3rd person dilemmansa

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /diˈlɛm.ma/
  • Rhymes: -ɛmma
  • Hyphenation: di‧lèm‧ma

Noun

dilemma m (plural dilemmi)

  1. dilemma (between two alternatives)

Anagrams


Turkish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [di.lɛmːɑ]

Noun

dilemma (definite accusative dilemmayı, plural dilemmalar)

  1. dilemma
    Synonym: ikilem

Declension

Inflection
Nominative dilemma
Definite accusative dilemmayı
Singular Plural
Nominative dilemma dilemmalar
Definite accusative dilemmayı dilemmaları
Dative dilemmaya dilemmalara
Locative dilemmada dilemmalarda
Ablative dilemmadan dilemmalardan
Genitive dilemmanın dilemmaların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular dilemmam dilemmalarım
2nd singular dilemman dilemmaların
3rd singular dilemması dilemmaları
1st plural dilemmamız dilemmalarımız
2nd plural dilemmanız dilemmalarınız
3rd plural dilemmaları dilemmaları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular dilemmamı dilemmalarımı
2nd singular dilemmanı dilemmalarını
3rd singular dilemmasını dilemmalarını
1st plural dilemmamızı dilemmalarımızı
2nd plural dilemmanızı dilemmalarınızı
3rd plural dilemmalarını dilemmalarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular dilemmama dilemmalarıma
2nd singular dilemmana dilemmalarına
3rd singular dilemmasına dilemmalarına
1st plural dilemmamıza dilemmalarımıza
2nd plural dilemmanıza dilemmalarınıza
3rd plural dilemmalarına dilemmalarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular dilemmamda dilemmalarımda
2nd singular dilemmanda dilemmalarında
3rd singular dilemmasında dilemmalarında
1st plural dilemmamızda dilemmalarımızda
2nd plural dilemmanızda dilemmalarınızda
3rd plural dilemmalarında dilemmalarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular dilemmamdan dilemmalarımdan
2nd singular dilemmandan dilemmalarından
3rd singular dilemmasından dilemmalarından
1st plural dilemmamızdan dilemmalarımızdan
2nd plural dilemmanızdan dilemmalarınızdan
3rd plural dilemmalarından dilemmalarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular dilemmamın dilemmalarımın
2nd singular dilemmanın dilemmalarının
3rd singular dilemmasının dilemmalarının
1st plural dilemmamızın dilemmalarımızın
2nd plural dilemmanızın dilemmalarınızın
3rd plural dilemmalarının dilemmalarının
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