autism

English

Etymology

From German Autismus, coined by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler, first usage dated to 1907 attributed by Carl Jung as an alternative of his for "auto-erotism",[1] although Bleuler himself differentiates the terms in his book Dementia Praecox, first published 1911.[2] From Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós, “self”) + -ισμός (-ismós, “-ism”).[3]

Pronunciation
  • enPR: ôʹtĭzm, (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɔːtɪzm/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Hyphenation: aut‧ism

Noun

autism (usually uncountable, plural autisms)

  1. (clinical psychology) A pervasive neurological condition that is observable in early childhood and persists throughout the lifespan, characterised by atypical communication, language development, eye contact, and sensory experiences.
    • 2013 June 29, “A punch in the gut”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8842, page 72-3:
      Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.
  2. (clinical psychology) Synonym of autism spectrum (disorder); generalization of the specific to a range.
  3. (historical, clinical psychology, now medically obsolete) A diagnosis involving a pathological tendency to engage in self-centered fantasy thinking, historically considered a symptom of insanity and/or schizophrenia.
  4. (Internet slang, offensive, derogatory, often self-deprecating) Abnormal and unhealthy focus or persistence, stereotypically coupled with low self-awareness and unhealthy hatred of opposition or criticism.

Synonyms

Hypernyms

(the specific, instead of the generalized range):

Hyponyms

(autism spectrum):

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Translations

See also

References
  1. Sigmund Freud; Carl Jung (1974), Ralph Manheim, R.F.C. Hull, transl.; William McGuire, editor, The Freud/Jung Letters, 1st edition, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, 24j, pages 44-5:
    Bleuler still misses a clear definition of autoerotism and its specifically psychological effects. He has, however, accepted the concept for his Dem. pr. contribution to Aschaffenburg’s Handbook. He doesn't want to say autoerotism (for reasons we all know), but prefers “autism” or “ipsism.” I have already got accustomed to “autoerotism.”
  2. Paul Eugen Bleuler (1911), chapter 1, in Gustav Aschaffenburg, editor, Dementia Praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien [Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias]‎, Leipzig and Vienna: Franz Deuticke, archived from the original on 2015-04-24 08:07:00.206331, B.α, page 52
  3. Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “autism”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Anagrams

Estonian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɑu̯ˈtism/, [ɑu̯ˈtʲisˑm̥]
  • Hyphenation: au‧tism
  • Rhymes: -ism

Noun

autism (genitive autismi, partitive autismi)

  1. autism

Inflection
Declension of autism (type riik)
singular plural
nominative autism autismid
genitive autismi autismide
partitive autismi autisme / autismisid
illative autismi / autismisse autismidesse / autismesse
inessive autismis autismides / autismes
elative autismist autismidest / autismest
allative autismile autismidele / autismele
adessive autismil autismidel / autismel
ablative autismilt autismidelt / autismelt
translative autismiks autismideks / autismeks
terminative autismini autismideni
essive autismina autismidena
abessive autismita autismideta
comitative autismiga autismidega

References

Romanian

Etymology

From French autisme.

Noun

autism n (uncountable)

  1. autism

Declension
declension of autism (singular only)
singular
n gender indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) autism autismul
genitive/dative (unui) autism autismului
vocative autismule
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