Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yïl

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yïl

year

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫул (śul) (It's actually from *yāĺ but perhaps it was blended with *yïl.)
Common Turkic: *yïl

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: ییل‎ (yıl)
  - Azerbaijani: il
  - Ottoman Turkish: ییل‎ (yıl)
    - Gagauz: yıl
    - Turkish: yıl
- Turkmen: ýyl
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: ییل‎ (yïl)
  - Chagatai: ییل‎ (yïl)
    - Uzbek: yil
    - Uyghur: يىل‎ (yil)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: ел (el)
  - Bashkir: йыл (yïl)
- West Kipchak:
  - Karachay-Balkar: джыл (yıl)
  - Crimean Tatar: yıl
  - Kumyk: йыл (yıl)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: жыл (jıl)
  - Karakalpak: жыл (jıl, jyl)
  - Nogai: йыл (yıl)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жыл (cıl)
  - Southern Altai: јыл (jıl)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰘𐰃𐰞‎‎ (yïl)
  - Old Uyghur: [Term?]
    - Western Yugur: ‎ (yil)
- North Siberian
  - Yakut: сыл (sıl)
  - Dolgan: һыл
- South Siberian
  - Sayan Turkic
    - Tuvan: чыл (çıl)
    - Tofa: чыл
  - Yenisei Turkic
    - Chulym: чыл
    - Northern Altai: чыл (čïl)
    - Shor: чыл
    - Khakas: чыл (çıl)
→ Proto-Mongolic: *ǯil
- Mongolian: жил (jil)
- Buryat: жэл (žel)
- Kalmyk: җил (jil)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 917
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 105
Sevortjan, E. V.; Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages]‎ (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 275
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) , “*jɨl”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006) Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 70-71

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