ܚܡܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Noun
ܚܸܡܵܐ • (ḥimmā) m (plural ܚܸܡܹ̈ܐ (ḥimmē))
- heat (condition or quality of being hot or at a high temperature)
- ܚܸܡܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܠܒܲܕܲܪ. ― ḥimmā ìlēh l-baddar. ― It is hot outside. (literally, “It is heat outside.”)
- Matthew 20:12:
- ܘܐܡܝܼܪܗܘܿܢ: «ܐܲܢܹܐ ܐ݇ܚܵܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܦܠܝܼܚ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܚܕܵܐ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܘܚܘܼܫܒܸܢܵܗܝ ܠܘܼܟ݂ ܡܐܲܝܟ݂ ܕܝܼܲܢ، ܐܲܚܢܲܢ ܕܛܥܝܼܢܲܢ ܝܘܼܩܪܵܐ ܘܚܸܡܵܐ ܕܝܵܘܡܵܐ».
- w-mīrhon: “annē ḥārāyē plīḥ lhon ḥdā šāʿtā w-ḥušbinnāh luḵ mʾayḵ dīyan, aḥnan d-ṭʿīnan yuqrā w-ḥimmā d-yāwmā”.
- and they said, “These last men have worked only one hour, and you made them equal to us who have borne the burden and the heat of the day.”
Usage notes
Possessive pronouns added to this word are the way to express feeling hot, e.g ܝܼܠܹܗ ܚܸܡܝܼ (īlēh ḥimī, “I am feeling hot”, literally “he (it) is my heat”).
Inflection
Inflection of ܚܸܡܵܐ (ḥimmā)
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܸܡܝܼ (ḥimī) |
ܚܸܡܲܢ (ḥimman) | ||
| construct | ܚܸܡ (ḥim) |
2nd person | ܚܸܡܘܼܟ݂ (ḥimuḵ) |
ܚܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥimmāḵ) |
ܚܸܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥimmāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܸܡܵܐ (ḥimmā) |
3rd person | ܚܸܡܹܗ (ḥimmēh) |
ܚܸܡܘܿܗ̇ (ḥimoh) |
ܚܸܡܗܘܿܢ (ḥimhon) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܚܸܡܝܼ̈ (ḥimī) |
ܚܸܡܲܢ̈ (ḥimman) | ||
| construct | ܚܸܡܲܝ̈ (ḥimmay) |
2nd person | ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥimuḵ) |
ܚܸܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥimmāḵ) |
ܚܸܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥimmāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܚܸܡܹ̈ܐ (ḥimmē) |
3rd person | ܚܸܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥimuh) |
ܚܸܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥimoh) |
ܚܸܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ḥimhon) | ||
Pronunciation 1
- (standard) IPA(key): [xɑːmeː]
Verb
ܚܵܡܹܐ • (ḥāmē) (present participle ܚܡܵܝܵܐ (ḥmāyā), past participle ܚܸܡܝܵܐ (ḥimyā))
- (intransitive) To be protected
Conjugation
Conjugation of ܚܵܡܹܐ (ḥāmē)
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| past | m | ܚܡܹܐ ܠܝܼ (ḥmē lī) |
ܚܡܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ḥmē luḵ) |
ܚܡܹܐ ܠܹܗ (ḥmē lēh) |
ܚܡܹܐ ܠܲܢ (ḥmē lan) |
ܚܡܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥmē lāwḵon) |
ܚܡܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ḥmē lhon) |
| f | ܚܡܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥmē lāḵ) |
ܚܡܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (ḥmē lāh) | |||||
| non-past | m | ܚܵܡܹܝܢ (ḥāmēn) |
ܚܵܡܹܝܬ (ḥāmēt) |
ܚܵܡܹܐ (ḥāmē) |
ܚܵܡܲܚ (ḥāmaḥ) |
ܚܵܡܹܝܬܘܿܢ (ḥāmēton) |
ܚܵܡܝܼ (ḥāmī) |
| f | ܚܵܡܝܵܢ (ḥāmyān) |
ܚܵܡܝܵܬܝ (ḥāmyāt) |
ܚܵܡܝܵܐ (ḥāmyā) | ||||
| imperative | m | ܚܡܝܼ (ḥmī) |
ܚܡܹܝܡܘܼܢ (ḥmēmun) |
||||
| f | ܚܡܹܐ (ḥmē) | ||||||
Pronunciation 2
- (standard) IPA(key): [xa.meː]
Verb
ܚܲܡܹܐ • (ḥammē) (present participle ܚܲܡܘܼܝܹܐ (ḥamuyē), past participle ܚܘܼܡܝܼܵܐ (ḥumīyā))
Conjugation
Conjugation of ܚܲܡܹܐ (ḥammē)
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| past | m | ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܝܼ (ḥumē lī) |
ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ḥumē luḵ) |
ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܹܗ (ḥumē lēh) |
ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܲܢ (ḥumē lan) |
ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥumē lāwḵon) |
ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ḥumē lhon) |
| f | ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥumē lāḵ) |
ܚܘܼܡܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (ḥumē lāh) | |||||
| non-past | m | ܚܲܡܹܝܢ (ḥammēn) |
ܚܲܡܹܝܬ (ḥammēt) |
ܚܲܡܹܐ (ḥammē) |
ܚܲܡܲܚ (ḥammaḥ) |
ܚܲܡܹܝܬܘܢ (ḥammētwn) |
ܚܲܡܝܼ (ḥamī) |
| f | ܚܲܡܝܼܵܢ (ḥamīyān) |
ܚܲܡܝܼܵܬܝ (ḥamīyāt) |
ܚܲܡܝܼܵܐ (ḥamīyā) | ||||
| imperative | m | ܚܲܡܝܼ (ḥamī) |
ܚܲܡܹܝܡܘܼܢ (ḥammēmun) |
||||
| f | ܚܲܡܹܐ (ḥammē) | ||||||
Classical Syriac
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ħ(ə)mɑ]
Noun
ܚܡܐ • (ḥəmā) m (plural ܚܡܗܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܡܬܐ)
- father-in-law
- (in the plural) relatives, family
Usage notes
The word ܚܡܐ is one of only three nouns in the entire language that have an irregular possessive stem ending in the letter Waw; the other two being ܐܒܐ (ʾăḇā, “father”) and ܐܚܐ (ʾăḥā, “brother”).
Inflection
declension of ܚܡܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܚܡ | ܚܡܗܝܢ |
| construct | ܚܡ | ܚܡܗܝ |
| emphatic | ܚܡܐ | ܚܡܗܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܚܡܝ | ܚܡܗܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܚܡܘܟ | ܚܡܗܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܚܡܘܟܝ | ܚܡܗܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܚܡܘܗܝ | ܚܡܗܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܚܡܘܗ | ܚܡܗܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܚܡܘܢ | ܚܡܗܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܚܡܘܟܘܢ | ܚܡܗܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܚܡܘܟܝܢ | ܚܡܗܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܚܡܘܗܘܢ | ܚܡܗܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܚܡܘܗܝܢ | ܚܡܗܝܗܝܢ |
Synonyms
- ܚܡܝܢܐ (ḥemyānā)
References
- “ḥm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-24
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 108a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 145b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 461b
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