Thawri school

The Thawri school (Arabic: الثوري) was a short-lived school of Islamic Jurisprudence. Its founder was Sufyan Al-Thawri, a great 8th century scholar, jurist and hadith compiler.[1]

After Ath-Thawri's move to Basra later in his life, his jurisprudential thought (usul) became more closely aligned to that of the Umayyads and of Al-Awza'i.[1]

He spent the last year of his life hiding after a dispute between him and the Abbasid Caliph Muhammad Ibn Mansur Al-Mahdi. After his death, the Thawri Madhhab was taken up by his students, including notably Yahya al-Qattan.[1] However, his school did not survive, but his jurisprudential thought and especially hadith transmission are highly regarded in Islam, and have influenced all the major schools, although not in the form of organized school like other Madhhabs.[2]

The reason that the Madhhab of Thawri became extinct was because Sufyan spent most of his later life in hiding, due to his refusal to be assigned as a judge by the Abbasid authority.[2] The second reason was because he instructed his principal student, Ammar ibn Sayf, to destroy and burn all of his works.[2][3][4]

References

Steven C. Judd, “Competitive hagiography in biographies of al-Awzaʿi and Sufyan al-Thawri”, Journal of the American Oriental Society 122:1 (Jan–March, 2002).
Philips, Bilal (1990). The Evolution of Fiqh. International Islamic Publishing House. pp. 87–88. ISBN 8172313551. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
Cook, Michael (1997). "The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam". Arabica. 44 (Fasc. 4): 480. doi:10.1163/1570058972582317. JSTOR 4057289. Retrieved June 8, 2022.
Melchert, Christopher (2014). "The Destruction of Books by Traditionists / La destrucción de libros por los tradicionistas". Al-Qanṭara. 35 (1): 213–231. doi:10.3989/alqantara.2014.009. Retrieved June 8, 2022.

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[Judd-1] Steven C. Judd, “Competitive hagiography in biographies of al-Awzaʿi and Sufyan al-Thawri”, Journal of the American Oriental Society 122:1 (Jan–March, 2002).

[Bilal_Philips-2] Philips, Bilal (1990). The Evolution of Fiqh. International Islamic Publishing House. pp. 87–88. ISBN 8172313551. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

[3] Cook, Michael (1997). "The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam". Arabica. 44 (Fasc. 4): 480. doi:10.1163/1570058972582317. JSTOR 4057289. Retrieved June 8, 2022.

[4] Melchert, Christopher (2014). "The Destruction of Books by Traditionists / La destrucción de libros por los tradicionistas". Al-Qanṭara. 35 (1): 213–231. doi:10.3989/alqantara.2014.009. Retrieved June 8, 2022.