Portal:Tornadoes

The Tornadoes Portal

A tornado near Anadarko, Oklahoma, in 1999
Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air that are in contact with the Earth and either a cumulonimbus or a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes are often referred to as twisters, whirlwinds, or cyclones. While most tornadoes attain winds of less than 110 miles per hour (180 km/h), are about 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers), the wind speeds in the most intense tornadoes can reach 300 miles per hour (480 km/h), are more than two miles (3 km) in diameter, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). Various types of tornadoes include the multiple vortex tornado, landspout, and waterspout. Other tornado-like phenomena that exist in nature include the gustnado, dust devil, fire whirl, and steam devil. Most tornadoes occur in North America (in the United States and Canada), concentrated in a region nicknamed the Tornado Alley. Tornadoes also occur in South America, South Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.

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A squall is a sudden, sharp increase in wind speed lasting minutes, as opposed to a wind gust, which lasts for only seconds. They are usually associated with active weather, such as rain showers, thunderstorms, or heavy snow. Squalls refer to the increase of the sustained winds over that time interval, as there may be higher gusts during a squall event. They usually occur in a region of strong sinking air or cooling in the mid-atmosphere. These force strong localized upward motions at the leading edge of the region of cooling, which then enhances local downward motions just in its wake. (Full article...)
List of selected tornado articles

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This page documents all tornadoes confirmed by various weather forecast offices of the National Weather Service in the United States during November to December 2018. Based on the 1991–2010 averaging period, 58 tornadoes occur across the United States throughout November while 24 more occur in December.

November saw multiple large outbreaks, the first of which was an extension of an outbreak that began at the end of October while the last one extended into December. December also featured an unusually strong tornado in the state of Washington. November and December finished significantly above average with 88 and 66 tornadoes respectively. However, both months did not have any violent tornadoes, leaving the United States without any tornadoes of such intensity for all of 2018. (Full article...)
List of selected tornado lists

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Damage to a Blockbuster Video store in Perth from a tornado on June 7, 2012

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Locations of all the killer tornadoes in the United States in 2001.
This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2001. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, and Australia. Tornadic events are often accompanied with other forms of severe weather, including strong thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail. (Full article...)
List of tornadoes by year

Recent tornado outbreaks

Recent tornado outbreaks

October

  • October 12
A small tornado outbreak occurs in southeastern Wisconsin.
  • October 16
A derecho in Europe produces two tornadoes in Norway. Both tornadoes were rated F1 on the Fujita scale, with the second tornado also receiving a rating of IF1 on the International Fujita scale.


Previous months: March, April, May

Tornado anniversaries

April 7

April 8

  • 1903 – An F4 tornado devastated Hopewell, Alabama, killing 19 people, most of them in three homes where even small vegetation was removed. There were seven deaths each in two families. Another 100 people were injured.
  • 1998 – An F5 tornado moved through suburbs on the north side of Birmingham, Alabama, destroying about 600 homes, killing 32 people, and injuring 259. This was the deadliest tornado to hit the United States since 1979.

April 9

  • 1919 – A tornado outbreak, which had started just before midnight on February 8, killed 95 people in the central and southern United States. A long-track F4 tornado, at times a mile wide, killed 24 people as it moved across Wood, Camp, and Titus counties. Another F4 tornado killed 20 people in Henderson and Van Zandt counties.
  • 1947 – One of the deadliest tornadic events in U.S. history, a family of tornadoes up to F5 intensity and, at times 2 miles (3.2 km) wide, moved across parts of Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, killing 181 people and injuring more than 1,200. In Texas, all of Glazier and most of Higgins were destroyed, resulting in 17 and 51 deaths respectively. Another 107 people were killed and about 1,000 were injured in the devastation of Woodward, Oklahoma.
  • 1953 – A hook echo was found to correspond with the location of an F3 tornado near Champaign, Illinois. This marks the first time a tornado was found to be associated with a signature detected by weather radar.

Did you know…

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A cumulative map of all tornadoes and tornado warnings throughout the outbreak

Accompanying Hurricane Katrina's catastrophic coastal impacts was a moderate tornado outbreak spawned by the cyclone's outer bands. The event spanned August 26–31, 2005, with 57 tornadoes touching down across 8 states. One person died and numerous communities suffered damage of varying degrees from central Mississippi to Pennsylvania, with Georgia sustaining record monetary damage for the month of August. Due to extreme devastation in coastal areas of Louisiana and Mississippi, multiple tornadoes may have been overlooked—overshadowed by the effects of storm surge and large-scale wind—and thus the full extent of the hurricane's tornado outbreak is uncertain. Furthermore, an indeterminate number of waterspouts likely formed throughout the life cycle of Hurricane Katrina.

The outbreak began with an isolated F2 over the Florida Keys on August 26; no tornadoes were recorded the following day as the storm traversed the Gulf of Mexico. Four weak tornadoes were observed on August 28 as the hurricane approached land, each causing little damage. Coincident with Katrina's landfall, activity began in earnest on August 29 with numerous tornadoes touching down across Gulf Coast states. Georgia suffered the greatest impact on this day, with multiple F1 and F2 tornadoes causing significant damage; one person died in Carroll County, marking the first known instance of a tornado-related death in the state during August. A record 18 tornadoes touched down across Georgia on August 29, far exceeding the previous daily record of just 2 tornadoes for the month throughout the state. Activity diminished over the subsequent two days as the former hurricane moved northward. Several more tornadoes touched down across the Mid-Atlantic states before the cessation of the outbreak just after midnight local time on August 31. (Full article...)

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Works about tornadoes

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