Henichesk
Henichesk (Ukrainian: Гені́чеськ, romanized: Heniches’k, pronounced [ɦeˈn⁽ʲ⁾i.t͡ʃesʲk]; Russian: Гени́ческ, tr. Genichesk, IPA: [ɡʲɪˈnʲit͡ɕɪsk]) is a port city along the Sea of Azov in the Kherson Oblast of southern Ukraine. It serves as the administrative centre of Henichesk Raion. Since 9 November 2022, it serves as the temporary centre of the Russian occupation administration in Russian occupied Kherson Oblast. Henichesk hosts the administration of the Henichesk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1][2] In 2021, Henichesk had a population of 18,889 (2022 est.)[3].
Henichesk
Genichesk Генічеськ Гени́ческ | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Henichesk Genichesk Location of Henichesk  Henichesk Genichesk Henichesk Genichesk (Ukraine) | |
| Coordinates: 46°10′N 34°48′E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Kherson Oblast |
| Founded | 1784 |
| City status | 1938 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 7.04 km2 (2.72 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 16 m (52 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total |  18,889 |
| Postal code | 75500-75509 |
| Area code | (+380) 5534 |
| Vehicle registration | BT / 22 |
| Website | www |
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As of November 2022, the city is under Russian occupation as part of the Russian Kherson Oblast. In November 2022, the Ukrainian southern counteroffensive successfully forced to withdraw Russian forces from the city of Kherson. As such, the Russian forces moved their temporary administrative centre to Henichesk,[4][5][6] although they still claim Kherson as the official capital in exile.[7]
History
Henichesk was founded as a fort by the Russian Empire in 1784 and from 1812 was also known as Ust-Ozivske. It was a port and a trade center on the salt route that went from Crimea north to Ukraine and Russia. At the turn of the 20th century, it was the location of one of the largest flour mills in southern Ukraine.[8]
During World War II, the town was occupied by Germany. The Germans operated a Nazi prison in the town.[9]
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, Henichesk was seized by the Russian army in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
During the Russian capture, a famous incident occurred where an old woman confronted Russian soldiers and said "Put sunflower seeds in your pockets so they grow on Ukraine soil when you die."[10] The city was also the scene of the death of Vitalii Skakun, who died blowing up a bridge to stop the Russian advance.[11][12][13][14]
On 18 April, Russian occupiers restored the monument of Lenin, which had been removed by the Ukrainian government as part of the country's decommunization process.[15]
On 3 June, Volodymyr Zelenskyy decreed the creation of a military administration for the city.[16]
On 9 November, separatist leader and deputy head of the military–civilian administration of Russian-occupied Kherson, Kirill Stremousov, died in a crash near Henichesk.[17]
Climate
Under the Köppen climate classification, Henichesk has a humid continental climate that closely borders on a semi-arid climate with cold winters and warm summers.
| Climate data for Henichesk (1991–2020, extremes 1883–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) |
18.3 (64.9) |
22.4 (72.3) |
30.0 (86.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
35.3 (95.5) |
38.3 (100.9) |
38.7 (101.7) |
36.8 (98.2) |
29.2 (84.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
17.8 (64.0) |
38.7 (101.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.5 (45.5) |
14.1 (57.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
26.4 (79.5) |
29.3 (84.7) |
28.8 (83.8) |
22.7 (72.9) |
15.5 (59.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
3.7 (38.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
3.9 (39.0) |
10.2 (50.4) |
17.0 (62.6) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.4 (75.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
11.7 (53.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
1.0 (33.8) |
11.4 (52.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
1.2 (34.2) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
17.3 (63.1) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.0 (66.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.4 (47.1) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
7.9 (46.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −30.3 (−22.5) |
−28.0 (−18.4) |
−18.4 (−1.1) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
6.0 (42.8) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
−22.1 (−7.8) |
−30.3 (−22.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32.5 (1.28) |
31.7 (1.25) |
34.0 (1.34) |
31.7 (1.25) |
32.2 (1.27) |
40.2 (1.58) |
29.2 (1.15) |
35.9 (1.41) |
30.1 (1.19) |
30.3 (1.19) |
36.7 (1.44) |
38.0 (1.50) |
402.5 (15.85) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.9 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 67.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 88.3 | 86.1 | 83.0 | 77.2 | 71.6 | 69.4 | 65.6 | 65.9 | 72.5 | 79.7 | 86.8 | 88.7 | 74.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 46.5 | 77.0 | 130.2 | 208.5 | 308.5 | 306.0 | 311.6 | 310.0 | 232.5 | 161.2 | 55.5 | 43.4 | 2,190.8 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru[18] World Meteorological Organization (humidity and precipitation 1981–2010),[19] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Climatebase.ru (sun 1891–2005)[20] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
- Yosyp Abramovych Daits (1897–1954), Ukrainian artist[21]
- Iuliia Mendel, Ukrainian journalist[22]
Gallery
Train station
House of culture.jpg.webp)
Old map of Henichesk Strait
See also
References
- "Погиб замглавы Херсонской области Кирилл Стремоусов". РБК (in Russian). Retrieved 9 November 2022.
- "Геническая городская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine.
- "Occupation 'government' of Kherson region announces temporary relocation of regional capital to Henichesk". Novaya Gazeta Europe. November 12, 2022. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
- "Ukraine carries out 'stabilisation' of Kherson after night of jubilation". The Guardian. 12 November 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
- "Временной столицей аннексированной Херсонской области объявили Геническ". Meduza (in Russian). 12 November 2022.
- "Херсонские власти опровергли перенос столицы в Геническ". РБК (in Russian). Retrieved 13 November 2022.
- "Entry Display Web Page".
- "Gefängnis Henices'k". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 2 October 2022.
- "Ukrainian woman to Russian soldier: 'Put sunflower seeds in your pocket so they grow when you die'". News Room Guyana. 2022-02-25. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
- Jackson, Jon (25 February 2022). ""Heroic" Ukrainian soldier blows up bridge, himself to halt Russia advances". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- "Ukrainian woman offers seeds to Russian soldiers so 'sunflowers grow when they die' – video". The Guardian. 2022-02-25. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 27 May 2022.
- "Brave Ukrainian woman tells Russian soldier: 'Put sunflower seeds in your pocket so they grow when you die'". sports.yahoo.com. Retrieved 27 May 2022.
- "Ukrainian woman tells Russian soldier to put sunflower seeds pocket so they bloom". The Independent. 2022-02-25. Retrieved 27 May 2022.
- "В оккупированном Геническе установили памятник Ленину"
- "ЗЕЛЕНСЬКИЙ ПІДПИСАВ УКАЗ ПРО СТВОРЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ АДМІНІСТРАЦІЇ В ГЕНІЧЕСЬКУ". 5 канал (in Ukrainian). 2022-06-03. Retrieved 3 June 2022.
- Tenisheva, Anastasia (2022-11-09). "Deputy Head of Russian-Occupied Kherson Region Dies in Car Crash". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
- Погода и Климат – Климат Геническ [Weather and Climate – The Climate of Henichesk] (in Russian). Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). Retrieved 29 October 2021.
- "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
- "Genicesk, Ukraine Climate data (Period supervision: 1891–2005)". Climatebase. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
- "Daits Yosyp Abramovych".
- "Геничанка Юлия Мендель стала пресс-секретарем Президента Зеленского". genichesk.info (in Russian). 4 June 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
