Hanifi Rohingya script
The Hanifi Rohingya script is a unified script for the Rohingya language. Rohingya was first written in the 19th century with a version of the Perso-Arabic script. In 1975, an orthographic Arabic script was developed, based on the Urdu alphabet.
| Hanifi Rohingya script 𐴌𐴟𐴇𐴥𐴝𐴚𐴒𐴙𐴝 𐴇𐴝𐴕𐴞𐴉𐴞 𐴓𐴠𐴑𐴤𐴝 | |
|---|---|
 The word "Rohingya" written in the script | |
| Script type | Alphabet
|
| Creator | Mohammad Hanif |
| Created | 1980s |
| Direction | right-to-left script  |
| Languages | Rohingya language |
| ISO 15924 | |
| ISO 15924 | Rohg (167), Hanifi Rohingya |
| Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Hanifi Rohingya |
| U+10D00–U+10D3F | |
In the 1980s, Mohammad Hanif and his colleagues created the suitable phonetic script based on Arabic letters; it has been compared to the N’ko script. The script also includes a set of decimal numbers.[1][2]
Characters
| 𐴆 | 𐴅 | 𐴄 | 𐴃 | 𐴁 | 𐴀 |
| 𐴋 | 𐴊 | 𐴉 | 𐴂 | 𐴈 | 𐴇 |
| 𐴑 | 𐴐 | 𐴏 | 𐴎 | 𐴍 | 𐴌 |
| 𐴗 | 𐴖 | 𐴕 | 𐴔 | 𐴓 | 𐴒 |
| 𐴜 | 𐴛 | 𐴚 | 𐴙 | 𐴘 |
| 𐴢 | 𐴡 | 𐴠 | 𐴟 | 𐴞 | 𐴝 |
| ◌𐴧 | ◌𐴦 | ◌𐴥 | ◌𐴤 | 𐴣 |
| 𐴰 | 𐴱 | 𐴲 | 𐴳 | 𐴴 | 𐴵 | 𐴶 | 𐴷 | 𐴸 | 𐴹 |
Alphabet and pronunciation
Consonants
| Character [3] | Burmese | Name | Final | Medial | Latin Script | Pronunciation | Unicode [4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 𐴀 | အ | A | 𐴀 | ـ𐴀ـ | a | /ɔ/, /ʔ/ | U+10D00 |
| 𐴁 | ဗ | BA | 𐴁𐴢 | ـ𐴁ـ | b | /b/ | U+10D01 |
| 𐴃 | တ | TA | 𐴃𐴢 | ـ𐴃ـ | t | /t/ | U+10D03 |
| 𐴄 | ထ | TTA | 𐴄𐴢 | ـ𐴄ـ | th | /ʈ/ | U+10D04 |
| 𐴅 | ဇ | JA | 𐴅 | ـ𐴅ـ | j | /ɟ/ | U+10D05 |
| 𐴆 | ဆ | CA | 𐴆 | ـ𐴆ـ | ch | /c/ | U+10D06 |
| 𐴇 | ဟ | HA | 𐴇𐴢 | ـ𐴇ـ | h, h' | /h/ | U+10D07 |
| 𐴈 | ခ | KHA | 𐴈𐴢 | ـ𐴈ـ | h, kh | /x/ | U+10D08 |
| 𐴉 | ဖဟ | FA | 𐴉𐴢 | ـ𐴉ـ | f | /f/ | U+10D09 |
| 𐴂 | ပ | PA | 𐴂𐴢 | ـ𐴂ـ | p | /p/ | U+10D02 |
| 𐴊 | ဒ | DA | 𐴊𐴢 | ـ𐴊ـ | d | /d/ | U+10D0A |
| 𐴋 | ဓ | DDA | 𐴋 | ـ𐴋ـ | dh | /ɖ/ | U+10D0B |
| 𐴌 | ရ | RA | 𐴌 | ـ𐴌ـ | r | /ɾ/ | U+10D0C |
| 𐴍 | RRA | 𐴍 | ـ𐴍ـ | ç | /ɽ/ | U+10D0D | |
| 𐴎 | ဇ | ZA | 𐴎 | ـ𐴎ـ | z | /z/ | U+10D0E |
| 𐴏 | သ | SA | 𐴏𐴢 | ـ𐴏ـ | s | /s/ | U+10D0F |
| 𐴐 | စ | SHA | 𐴐𐴢 | ـ𐴐ـ | c | /ʃ/ | U+10D10 |
| 𐴑 | ခ | KA | 𐴑 | ـ𐴑ـ | k | /k/ | U+10D11 |
| 𐴒 | ဂ | GA | 𐴒𐴢 | ـ𐴒ـ | g | /g/ | U+10D12 |
| 𐴓 | လ | LA | 𐴓𐴢 | ـ𐴓ـ | l | /l/ | U+10D13 |
| 𐴔 | မ | MA | 𐴔𐴢 | ـ𐴔ـ | m | /m/ | U+10D14 |
| 𐴕 | န | NA | 𐴕 | ـ𐴕ـ | n | /n/ | U+10D15 |
| 𐴖 | ဝ | WA | 𐴖𐴢 | ـ𐴖ـ | v | /ʋ/, /v/ | U+10D16 |
| 𐴗 | ဥ | KINNA WA | 𐴗𐴢 | ـ𐴗ـ | u | /u̯/ (for cluster or diphthong) | U+10D17 |
| 𐴘 | ယ | YA | 𐴘 | ـ𐴘ـ | y | /j/ | U+10D18 |
| 𐴙 | ဣ | KINNA YA | 𐴙𐴢 | ـ𐴙ـ | i | /i̯/ (for cluster or diphthong) | U+10D19 |
| 𐴚 | င | NGA = gan | 𐴚 | ـ𐴚ـ | ng | /ŋ/ | U+10D1A |
| 𐴛 | ည | NYA = nayya | 𐴛 | ـ𐴛ـ | ny | /ɲ/ | U+10D1B |
| 𐴜 | ဝ | VA | 𐴜𐴢 | ـ𐴜ـ | v | /v/ | U+10D1C |
Vowels
| Character | Name | Transliteration | Pronunciation | Unicode | Character | Name | Transliteration | Type | IPA | Unicode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 𐴝 | aa-for | a | /a/ | U+10D1D | 𐴢 | Ttura/Les | none | Vowel silencer | none | U+10D22 |
| 𐴞 | i-for | i | /i/ | U+10D1E | 𐴣 | Na-Khonna | ñ (full letter) | Nasalization mark | /◌̃/ | U+10D23 |
| 𐴟 | u-for | u | /u/ | U+10D1F | ◌𐴤 | Harbai | á (acute accent) | Short high tone | /á/ | U+10D24 |
| 𐴠 | e-for | e | /e/ | U+10D20 | ◌𐴥 | Tela | áa (double, acute at first) | Long falling tone | /âː/ | U+10D25 |
| 𐴡 | o-for | o | /o/ | U+10D21 | ◌𐴦 | Tana | aá (double, acute at second) | Long rising tone | /ǎː/ | U+10D26 |
| ◌𐴧 | Tossi | aa (double letter) | Gemination sign | /ː/ | U+10D27 |
Numerals
| Name | sifír | ek | dui | tin | sair | fañs | só | háñt | añctho | no |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digit | 𐴰 | 𐴱 | 𐴲 | 𐴳 | 𐴴 | 𐴵 | 𐴶 | 𐴷 | 𐴸 | 𐴹 |
| Unicode | U+10D30 | U+10D31 | U+10D32 | U+10D33 | U+10D34 | U+10D35 | U+10D36 | U+10D37 | U+10D38 | U+10D39 |
Unicode
The Hanifi Rohingya script was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2018 with the release of version 11.0. Proposals to include it in Unicode were written by linguist Anshuman Pandey.[5]
The Unicode block for Hanifi Rohingya is U+10D00–U+10D3F and contains 50 characters:[6]
| Hanifi Rohingya[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+10D0x | 𐴀 | 𐴁 | 𐴂 | 𐴃 | 𐴄 | 𐴅 | 𐴆 | 𐴇 | 𐴈 | 𐴉 | 𐴊 | 𐴋 | 𐴌 | 𐴍 | 𐴎 | 𐴏 |
| U+10D1x | 𐴐 | 𐴑 | 𐴒 | 𐴓 | 𐴔 | 𐴕 | 𐴖 | 𐴗 | 𐴘 | 𐴙 | 𐴚 | 𐴛 | 𐴜 | 𐴝 | 𐴞 | 𐴟 |
| U+10D2x | 𐴠 | 𐴡 | 𐴢 | 𐴣 | 𐴤 | 𐴥 | 𐴦 | 𐴧 | ||||||||
| U+10D3x | 𐴰 | 𐴱 | 𐴲 | 𐴳 | 𐴴 | 𐴵 | 𐴶 | 𐴷 | 𐴸 | 𐴹 | ||||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
Fonts
Google's Noto Sans has developed a Rohingya script font called Noto Sans Hanifi Rohingya, available at GitHub.
Rohingya keyboard
A virtual keyboard was developed by Google for the Rohingya language in 2019 and allows users to type in the Rohingya script. The Rohingya Unicode keyboard layout can be found here.
References
- "Rohingya alphabets, pronunciation and language". Omniglot. Simon Ager. Archived from the original on 15 November 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
- James, Ian (5 July 2012). "Hanifi alphabet for Rohingya". Sky Knowledge. Archived from the original on 9 December 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
- This table can be viewed correctly using Firefox and the font Noto Sans Rohingya.
- "Unicode 11.0.0". Unicode Consortium. Archived from the original on 2018-06-06. Retrieved 2018-06-05.
- Pandey, Anshuman (27 October 2015). "Proposal to encode the Hanifi Rohingya script in Unicode" (PDF). The Unicode Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 December 2019. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
- "Unicode 11.0.0". Unicode Consortium. 5 June 2018. Archived from the original on 6 June 2018. Retrieved 5 June 2018.