Ferromanganese nodules
Ferromanganese nodules (FMN) form in the oxidizing environment of the abyssal pelagic zone. The formation mechanism involves a series of redox oscillations driven by both abiotic and biotic processes.[1] As a byproduct of pedogenesis, the specific composition of a FMN is dependent on the composition of the surrounding soil in which it is formed.[1] The composition of manganese-bearing minerals is dependent on how the nodules are formed; sedimentary nodules, which have a lower Mn2+ content than diagenetic, are dominated by Fe-vernadite, Mn-feroxyhyte, and asbolane-buserite while diagenetic nodules are dominated by buserite I, birnessite, todorokite, and asbolane-buserite.
Ferromanganese nodules found on the seafloor
See also
References
- Huang, Laiming (2022). "Pedogenic ferromanganese nodules and their impacts on nutrient cycles and heavy metal sequestration". Earth-Science Reviews. 232: 104147. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104147. ISSN 0012-8252.
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