Central Papua

Central Papua, officially the Central Papua Province (Indonesian: Provinsi Papua Tengah) is an Indonesian province located in the central region of Western New Guinea.[6][7] It was formally established on 11 November 2022 from the former eight western regencies of the province of Papua. It covers an area of 61,072.92 km2 and had an officially estimated population of 1,430,951 in mid 2022.[8] It is bordered by the Indonesian provinces of West Papua to the west, the residual Papua to the north, and by Highland Papua and South Papua to the east. The designated administrative capital, Nabire, is the second largest town in Central Papua (after Timika), the economic centre of the province, and the seat of the Central Papua provincial government.

Central Papua
Province with special status
Province of Central Papua
Provinsi Papua Tengah
   Central Papua in    Indonesia
OpenStreetMap
Coordinates: 4°S 136°E / -4; 136
CapitalNabire
Largest cityTimika
Government
 • BodyCentral Papua Provincial Government
 • Acting GovernorRibka Haluk[1]
Area
[2]
 • Total61,072.92 km2 (23,580.39 sq mi)
Highest elevation
(Puncak Jaya)
4,884 m (16,024 ft)
Population
 (mid 2022 estimate)[3]
 • Total1,430,951
 • Density23/km2 (61/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official languageIndonesian
 • Native languages of Central Papua[4]Auye, Damal, Dani, Ekari, Keuw, Kuri, Lani, Moni, Nduga, Wano, Wolani, Yaur, Yeresiam, and others
 • Also spokenJavanese, Papuan Malay, and others
Demographics
 • ReligionsChristianity 87,74%
–Protestantism 68,59%
–Catholicism 19,01%
Islam 12,26%
Hinduism 0,07%
Buddhism 0,03%
Other 0,04%[5]
 • Ethnic groups[4]Damal, Dani, Ekari, Lani, Wolani, Yaur (native), Javanese (significant entrants), and others
Time zoneUTC+9 (Indonesia Eastern Time)

The provincial border roughly follows the cultural region of Mee Pago and parts of Saireri.[9]

History

After the approval of the bill for the creation of the province on 30 June 2022,[10] controversy regarding the capital of the new province resulted in mass demonstrations in Timika. Residents of the town argued that the provincial capital should be in Timika instead of Nabire, due to Timika's contribution to the province's economy through the presence of Freeport-McMoRan in their regency.[11] Protesters also argued that the last 20 years of the effort by locals to support the creation of Central Papua province was always with Timika as capital and not Nabire.[11][12] The protesters also threatened to close the Freeport mine by force if their demand to be the capital of the new province was not heard.[11][13] However, figures from Nabire argued that Nabire is a more suitable capital because it is free from intervention from the mining company on its development and also that Nabire has a higher percentage of native Papuans compared to Timika.[14][15] Furthermore, six regencies of eight in the region, Nabire, Dogiyai, Deiyai, Paniai, Intan Jaya, and Puncak Jaya, preferred Nabire as capital because it has easier road access.[16] Social conflict between residents of Nabire and Timika regarding the position of the new provincial capital was described by the Rev. Dora Balubun, representative from GKI Papua regional synod, as a dangerous side effect of the creation of the new province.[17][12] In support for the creation of the new province, Wate tribe granted the government 75 hectares of land for the construction of government buildings.[18]

Demographics

Ethnic groups

Nabire is inhabited by coastal tribes belonging to the Saireri customary territory, including Yaur, Wate, Mora, Umari, Goa, and Yerisiam as well as the tribes in the mountainous areas that are included in the Mee Pago customary territory, namely Moi, Mee, and Auye (Napan).[19] Located in central part of the province is region around Paniai Lakes inhabited by, other than the aforementioned, Moni and Wolani. Meanwhile to the east lie the Jayawijaya Mountains, which are inhabited by Amungme, Damalme, Wano, alongside Dani, Lani, and Nduga (Dauwa) which can also be found in the neighboring province of Highland Papua.[20][21] While the southern part of Central Papua is Mimika Regency in the form of swamp land and is inhabited by Kamoro and Sempan.[22]

Religion

Religion in Central Papua (2022)

  Protestantism (68.59%)
  Roman Catholicism (19.01%)
  Islam (12.26%)
  Hinduism (0.07%)
  Buddhism (0.03%)
  Others (0.04%)

Politics

Administrative divisions

The area now constituting Central Papua was originally composed of four regencies - Mimika, Nabire, Paniai and Puncak Jaya. Two new regencies were created on 4 January 2008 - Dogiyai from part of Nabire Regency, and Puncak from part of Puncak Jaya Regency. Two further regencies were created on 29 October 2008 - Deiyai and Intan Jaya, both from parts of Paniai Regency. The new province comprises eight regencies (and no administrative cities), listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2020 Census[23] and according to the official estimates as at mid 2022.[24] The table also includes the regency capitals and a list of the districts (kecamatan) within each regency.

Regency Capital Districts Area
in km2		 Population
Census
2020		 Population
Estimate
mid 2022		 HDI (2020)
1 Deiyai Regency Waghete Bowobado, Kapiraya, Tigi (Waghete), Tigi Barat, Tigi Timur 2,846.41 99,091 102,168 0.495 (Low)
2 Dogiyai Regency Kigamani Dogiyai, Kamu (Kigimani), Kamu Selatan, Kamu Timur, Kamu Utara,
Mapia, Mapia Barat, Mapia Tengah, Piyaiye, Sukikai Selatan		 3,792.93 116,206 119,815 0.548 (Low)
3 Intan Jaya Regency Sugapa Agisiga, Biandoga, Hitadipa, Homeyo, Sugapa, Tomosiga, Ugimba, Wandai 5,334.45 135,043 139,236 0.478 (Low)
4 Mimika Regency Timika Agimuga, Alama, Amar, Hoya, Iwaka, Jila, Jita, Kuala Kencana, Kwamki Narama,
Mimika Barat, Mimika Barat Jauh, Mimika Barat Tengah, Mimika Baru (Timika),
Mimika Tengah, Mimika Timur, Mimika Timur Jauh, Tembagapura, Wania		 18,298.95 311,969 321,657 0.742 (High)
5 Nabire Regency Nabire Dipa, Makimi, Menou, Moora, Nabire, Nabire Barat, Napan, Siriwo,
Teluk Kimi, Teluk Umar, Uwapa, Wanggar, Wapoga, Yaro, Yaur		 11,806.09 169,136 173,043 0.688

(Medium)

6 Paniai Regency Enarotali Aradide, Aweida, Baya Biru, Bibida, Bogabaida, Deiyai Miyo, Dogomo, Dumadama,
Ekadide, Kebo, Muye, Nakama, Paniai Barat, Paniai Timur (Enarotali), Pugo Dagi,
Siriwo, Teluk Deya, Topiyai, Wegee Bino, Wegee Muka, Yagai, Yatamo, Youtadi		 5,306.87 220,410 227,254 0.563

(Medium)

7 Puncak Regency Ilaga Agandugume, Amungkalpia, Beoga, Beoga Barat, Beoga Timur, Bina, Dervos, Doufo,
Erelmakawia, Gome, Gome Utara, Ilaga, Ilaga Utara, Kembru, Lambewi, Mabugi,
Mage'abume, Ogamanim, Omukia, Oneri, Pogoma, Sinak, Sinak Barat, Wangbe, Yugumuak		 7,701.03 114,741 116,279 0.430 (Low)
8 Puncak Jaya Regency Mulia Dagai, Dokome, Fawi, Gubume, Gurage, Ilamburawi, Ilu, Irimuli, Kalome, Kiyage,
Lumo, Mewoluk, Molanikime, Muara, Mulia, Nioga, Nume, Pagaleme, Taganombak,
Tingginambut, Torere, Waegi, Wanwi, Yambi, Yamo, Yamoneri		 5,986.19 224,527 231,499 0.484 (Low)
Totals 61,072.92 1,391,123 1,430,951

See also

References
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  2. Setyaningrum, Puspasari (2022-07-02). "Profil Provinsi Papua Tengah". KOMPAS.com. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  3. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023.
  4. "Mee Pago" (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Penghubung Daerah Provinsi Papua, Republik Indonesia [Regional Liaison Agency of Papua, Republic of Indonesia]. July 2022.
  5. "Visualisasi Data Kependudukan - Kementerian Dalam Negeri 2022" (Visual). www.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  6. Santoso, Bangun; Ardiansyah, Novian (2022-06-30). "DPR Sahkan RUU DOB, Papua Kini Punya 3 Provinsi Baru: Papua Selatan, Papua Tengah Dan Papua Pegunungan". suara.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  7. Utama, Felldy (2022-06-30). "Usai RUU DOB Papua Disahkan, Ini Perintah Mendagri Buat Bupati Papua Selatan : Okezone Nasional". Nasional Okezone (in Indonesian). iNews. Jakarta: Okezone. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
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  9. Setyaningrum, Puspasari, ed. (2022-07-02). "Profil Provinsi Papua Tengah Halaman all". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Kompas Cyber Media. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
  10. Sutrisno, Eri (2022-07-15). Nuraini, Ratna; Sari, Elvira Inda (eds.). "Indonesia.go.id - Inilah Tiga Provinsi Baru di Papua". indonesia.go.id (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 30 September 2020. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  11. Aditra, Irsul Panca (2022-06-30). Pratiwi, Priska Sari (ed.). "Massa Demo di Gedung DPRD, Tuntut Timika Jadi Ibu Kota Provinsi Papua Tengah". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Timika: Kompas Cyber Media. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  12. "DPR sahkan tiga RUU provinsi baru Papua, tapi 'perpecahan masyarakat adat sudah terjadi'". BBC News Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  13. Winardi, Ariandono Dijan (5 July 2022). "Permasalahan yang Mengiringi Pengesahan Pemekaran Provinsi Papua Harus Segera Dibereskan". VOI - Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  14. Rejang, Kristin (2022-07-05). "Tokoh Masyarakat: Ini Soal Pemerataan Pembangunan, Ibu Kota PPT Tidak ada Intervensi Freeport". seputarpapua.com (in Indonesian). Timika: seputarpapua. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  15. Makawaru (2022-06-29). "Mesak Magai Sebut Nabire Wajar jadi Ibukota Papua Tengah". Papua Inside (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  16. ""Ibarat Mau Berburu Babi Hutan, Dapat Tikus Tanah pun Harus Disyukuri"". Cepos Online (in Indonesian). 2022-06-30. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
  17. "Timika dan Nabire Saling Rebut Ibukota Provinsi Papua Tengah". Koreri Trans Media (in Indonesian). 2022-06-25. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
  18. You, Abeth (2022-07-25). Sinaga, Edho (ed.). "Suku Wate di Nabire hibahkan tanah 75 hektare untuk pembangunan kantor Gubernur Papua Tengah". Jubi (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-25.
  19. You, Emanuel (2022-07-21). "Menyikapi 6 Suku Pesisir dan Kepulauan Mencari Identitas Adat Mereka di Nabire". papuaposnabire.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-07-21.
  20. "PROFIL WILAYAH ADAT MEE PAGO". papua.go.id (in Indonesian). Pemerintah Provinsi Papua. Archived from the original on 2022-07-03.
  21. "Pemerintah Provinsi Papua". www.papua.go.id. Retrieved 2021-02-16.
  22. "Kokonao, Keindahan Alam Papua yang Terlupakan". travel.detik.com (in Indonesian). 2012-03-01. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
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  24. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023.
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