1998 Philippine general election

1998 Philippine general election
	May 11, 1998
Registered	33,873,665
Turnout	29,285,775
	1998 Philippine presidential election
	May 11, 1998
Turnout	86.5% 11.0%
President before election; Fidel V. Ramos; Lakas	Elected President ; Joseph Estrada; LAMMP
	1998 Philippine vice presidential election
	May 11, 1998
Vice President before election; Joseph Estrada; LAMMP	Elected Vice President ; Gloria Macapagal Arroyo; Lakas
	1998 Philippine Senate election
	May 11, 1998
12 (of the 24) seats in the Senate; 13 seats needed for a majority
Senate President before election; Neptali Gonzales; LDP	Elected Senate President ; Marcelo Fernan; LDP
	1998 Philippine House of Representatives elections
	May 11, 1998
All 258 seats in the House of Representatives (including 38 underhang seats); 130 seats needed for a majority
Speaker before election; Jose de Venecia Jr.; Lakas	Elected Speaker ; Manny Villar; LAMMP

Presidential elections, legislative and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1998. In the presidential election, Vice President Joseph Estrada won a six-year term as president by a landslide victory. In the vice-presidential race, Senator Gloria Macapagal Arroyo won a six-year term as vice president also by a landslide victory. This was the third election where both president and vice president came from different parties.

Candidates

Lakas-NUCD-UMDP

Lakas-UNCD-UMDP
For President

Joe De Venecia		Lakas
For Vice President
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo		Lakas
For Senators
Lisandro Abadia		Lakas
Rolando Andaya		Lakas
Robert Barbers		Lakas
Rene Cayetano		Lakas
Roberto De Ocampo		Lakas
Ricardo Gloria		Lakas
Teofisto Guingona Jr.		Lakas
Loren Legarda		Lakas
Roberto Pagdanganan		Lakas
Hernando Perez		Lakas
Nina Rasul		Lakas
Ramon Revilla Sr.		Lakas

Estrada-Angara

Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino
For President

Erap Estrada		LAMMP
For Vice President
Edong Angara		LAMMP
For Senators
Tessie Aquino-Oreta		LDP
Ramon Bagatsing Jr.		LDP
Rodolfo Biazon		LDP
Robert Jaworski		PMP
Edcel Lagman		LDP
Blas Ople		LDP
John Henry Osmeña		NPC
Nene Pimentel		PDP–Laban
Miguel Romero		LDP
Tito Sotto		LDP
Ruben Torres		Independent
Freddie Webb		LDP

Results

President


Candidate		Party	Votes	%
	Joseph Estrada	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino	10,722,295	39.86
	Jose de Venecia Jr.	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP	4,268,483	15.87
	Raul Roco	Aksyon Demokratiko	3,720,212	13.83
	Lito Osmeña	PROMDI	3,347,631	12.44
	Alfredo Lim	Liberal Party	2,344,362	8.71
	Renato de Villa	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa	1,308,352	4.86
	Miriam Defensor Santiago	People's Reform Party	797,206	2.96
	Juan Ponce Enrile	Independent	343,139	1.28
	Santiago Dumlao	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	32,212	0.12
	Manuel Morato	Partido Bansang Marangal	18,644	0.07
Total			26,902,536	100.00

Valid votes			26,902,536	91.86
Invalid/blank votes[lower-alpha 1]			2,383,239	8.14
Total votes			29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout			33,873,665	86.46
Source: Nohlen, Grotz, Hartmann, Hasall and Santos[1]

Includes 232,714 votes for Imelda Marcos (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who withdrew after the ballots were printed.

Vice president

Vice presidential election per province/city.


Candidate		Party	Votes	%
	Gloria Macapagal Arroyo	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP	12,667,252	49.56
	Edgardo Angara	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino	5,652,068	22.11
	Oscar Orbos	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma–Lapiang Manggagawa	3,321,779	13.00
	Serge Osmeña	Liberal Party	2,351,462	9.20
	Francisco Tatad	Grand Alliance for Democracy	745,389	2.92
	Ismael Sueno	PROMDI	537,677	2.10
	Irene Santiago	Aksyon Demokratiko	240,210	0.94
	Camilo Sabio	Partido Bansang Marangal	22,010	0.09
	Reynaldo Pacheco	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	21,422	0.08
Total			25,559,269	100.00

Valid votes			25,559,269	87.28
Invalid/blank votes			3,726,506	12.72
Total votes			29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout			33,873,665	86.46

Senate

Representation of results; seats contested are inside the box.
  Lakas-NUCD-UMDP
  LDP
  NPC
  Aksyon Demokratiko
  GAD/Gabaybayan
  PDP–Laban
  PRP
  PMP
  Independent
  Vacancy

Summary of the May 11, 1998, Philippine Senate election result
Rank	Candidate	Coalition[2]		Votes	%
1.	Loren Legarda	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	14,933,965	51.0%
2.	Renato Cayetano	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	13,177,584	45.0%
3.	Tito Sotto	LAMMP	LDP	11,520,678	39.3%
4.	Aquilino Pimentel Jr.	LAMMP	PDP–Laban	10,227,765	34.9%
5.	Robert Barbers	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	9,768,045	33.4%
6.	Rodolfo Biazon	LAMMP	LDP	9,352,964	31.9%
7.	Blas Ople	LAMMP	LDP	9,278,448	31.7%
8.	John Henry Osmeña	LAMMP	NPC	9,242,652	31.6%
9.	Robert Jaworski	LAMMP	PMP	8,968,616	30.6%
10.	Ramon Revilla Sr.	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	8,683,500	29.7%
11.	Teofisto Guingona Jr.	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	7,325,343	25.0%
12.	Tessie Aquino-Oreta	LAMMP	LDP	7,238,086	24.7%
13.	Roberto Pagdanganan	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	6,938,178	23.7%
14.	Rubén D. Torres	LAMMP	Independent	6,923,821	23.6%
15.	Edcel Lagman	LAMMP	LDP	6,831,441	23.3%
16.	Santanina Rasul	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	6,695,955	22.9%
17.	Rolando Andaya	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	5,722,871	19.5%
18.	Roberto F. de Ocampo	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	5,663,401	19.3%
19.	Lisandro Abadia	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	5,426,378	18.5%
20.	Haydee Yorac		Reporma-LM	4,618,565	15.8%
21.	Ricardo Gloria	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	4,589,190	15.7%
22.	Ramon Bagatsing Jr.	LAMMP	LDP	4,540,475	15.5%
23.	Freddie Webb	LAMMP	LDP	4,514,475	15.4%
24.	Hernando Perez	Lakas-NUCD-UMDP	Lakas	4,336,969	14.8%
25.	Rey Langit		Reporma-LM	3,930,085	13.4%
26.	Raul Daza		Liberal	2,995,851	10.2%
27.	Miguel Luis Romero	LAMMP	LDP	2,781,973	9.5%
28.	Charito Plaza		Liberal	2,433,272	8.3%
29.	Roy Señeres		Reporma-LM	1,165,455	4.0%
30.	Gerry Geronimo		Reporma-LM	871,518	3.0%
31.	Hadja Putri Zorayda Tamano		Reporma-LM	855,738	2.9%
32.	Roberto Sebastian		Reporma-LM	721,824	2.5%
33.	Jose Villegas		Reporma-LM	608,186	2.1%
34.	Renato Garcia		Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	554,818	1.9%
35.	David Castro		Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	436,779	1.5%
36.	Ludovico Badoy		Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	388,465	1.3%
37.	Oliver Lozano		Independent	352,037	1.2%
38.	Abraham Iribani		Reporma-LM	319,410	1.1%
39.	Eduardo Bondoc		Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	202,217	0.7%
40.	Fred Henry Marallag		Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapanibago	106,496	0.4%
Total turnout				29,285,775	86.5%
Total votes				205,243,489	N/A
Registered voters				33,873,665	100.0%
Note: A total of 40 candidates ran for senator.

House of Representatives

The first party-list elections were held. Aside from voting for the representative from their congressional district, a voter can also vote for a party-list.

District elections



Party		Votes	%	Seats
	Lakas–NUCD–UMDP	11,981,024	49.01	111
	Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino	6,520,744	26.68	55
	Liberal Party	1,773,124	7.25	15
	Nationalist People's Coalition	998,239	4.08	9
	Partido para sa Demokratikong Reporma	966,653	3.95	4
	Probinsya Muna Development Initiative	586,954	2.40	4
	PDP–Laban	134,331	0.55	0
	Aksyon Demokratiko	106,843	0.44	1
	Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino	47,273	0.19	0
	Ompia Party	46,462	0.19	1
	People's Reform Party	38,640	0.16	0
	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	35,522	0.15	0
	Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas	8,850	0.04	0
	Lapiang Manggagawa	8,792	0.04	0
	Nacionalista Party	4,412	0.02	0
	Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino	2,010	0.01	0
	Kilusan para sa Pambansang Pagpapabago	1,310	0.01	0
	Unaffiliated	348,281	1.42	4
	Independent	834,934	3.42	2
Party-list seats[lower-alpha 1]				51
Total		24,444,398	100.00	257

Valid votes		24,444,398	83.47
Invalid/blank votes		4,841,377	16.53
Total votes		29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		33,873,665	86.46
Source: Nohlen, Grotz and Hartmann[3] and Teehankee[4]

Only 14 were seated in the party-list election.

Party-list election


Party		Votes	%	Seats
	Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives	503,487	5.50	2
	Alyansang Bayanihan ng mga Magsasaka, Manggagawang Bukid at Mangingisda	321,646	3.51	1
	Alagad	312,500	3.41	1
	Veterans Federation Party	304,902	3.33	1
	Probinsya Muna Development Initiative	255,184	2.79	1
	Adhikain at Kilusan ng Ordinaryong Tao Para sa Lupa, Pabahay, Hanapbuhay at Kaunlaran	239,042	2.61	1
	National Federation of Small Coconut Farmers Organization	238,303	2.60	1
	Abanse! Pinay	235,548	2.57	1
	Akbayan	232,376	2.54	1
	Luzon Farmers Party	215,643	2.36	1
	Sanlakas	194,617	2.13	1
	Cooperative NATCCO Network Party	189,802	2.07	1
	Philippine Coconut Producers Federation	186,388	2.04	1
	Others	5,725,871	62.54	0
Total		9,155,309	100.00	14

Valid votes		9,155,309	31.26
Invalid/blank votes		20,130,466	68.74
Total votes		29,285,775	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		33,873,665	86.46
Source: Supreme Court (October 6, 2000). "G.R. No. 136781". and Nohlen, Dieter; Grotz, Florian; Hartmann, Christof (eds.). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook. Vol. 2: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

External links

Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos.
Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific.
"Senatorial Race in the Philippines: SWS Feb 98, Mar 98, Apr 98, May 98 National Surveys". Social Weather Station. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
Nohlen, Dieter; Grotz, Florian; Hartmann, Christof (eds.). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook. Vol. 2: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific. Oxford: Oxford University Press..
Teehankee, Julio (2002). "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). In Croissant, Aurel (ed.). Electoral Politics in Southeast and East Asia. Singapore: Fiedrich-Ebert-Siftung. pp. 149–202 – via quezon.ph.

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[1] Includes 232,714 votes for Imelda Marcos (Kilusang Bagong Lipunan) who withdrew after the ballots were printed.

[fn1-4] Only 14 were seated in the party-list election.

[2] Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos.
Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific.

[3] "Senatorial Race in the Philippines: SWS Feb 98, Mar 98, Apr 98, May 98 National Surveys". Social Weather Station. Retrieved March 26, 2019.

[5] Nohlen, Dieter; Grotz, Florian; Hartmann, Christof (eds.). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook. Vol. 2: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific. Oxford: Oxford University Press..

[6] Teehankee, Julio (2002). "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). In Croissant, Aurel (ed.). Electoral Politics in Southeast and East Asia. Singapore: Fiedrich-Ebert-Siftung. pp. 149–202 – via quezon.ph.

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