1318
Year 1318 (MCCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1318 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1318 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1318 MCCCXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2071 |
| Armenian calendar | 767 ԹՎ ՉԿԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6068 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1239–1240 |
| Bengali calendar | 725 |
| Berber calendar | 2268 |
| English Regnal year | 11 Edw. 2 – 12 Edw. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1862 |
| Burmese calendar | 680 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6826–6827 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 4014 or 3954 — to — 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 4015 or 3955 |
| Coptic calendar | 1034–1035 |
| Discordian calendar | 2484 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1310–1311 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5078–5079 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1374–1375 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1239–1240 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4418–4419 |
| Holocene calendar | 11318 |
| Igbo calendar | 318–319 |
| Iranian calendar | 696–697 |
| Islamic calendar | 717–718 |
| Japanese calendar | Bunpō 2 (文保２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1229–1230 |
| Julian calendar | 1318 MCCCXVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3651 |
| Minguo calendar | 594 before ROC 民前594年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −150 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1860–1861 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火蛇年 (female Fire-Snake) 1444 or 1063 or 291 — to — 阳土马年 (male Earth-Horse) 1445 or 1064 or 292 |
Events
Europe
- Spring – King Birger Magnusson is deposed (after a 27-year reign) by his brother's supporters and goes into exile to Denmark under his brother-in-law, King Eric VI, taking the Swedish Royal Archives with him.
- April – The inhabitants of Benevento rise against Pope John XXII and demand some political autonomy. Finally, the rebellion is crushed by papal forces.[1]
- June 27 – Mats Kettilmundsson, Swedish knight and statesman, is appointed as regent (rikshövitsman) of Sweden, in the absence of a Swedish king.
- July 19 – Duke Leopold I (the Glorious), co-ruler of Austria and Styria, makes peace with the Forest Cantons (or Waldstätte), in Central Switzerland.[2]
- Summer – Thomas I (Komnenos Doukas), last male-line descendant of Michael I (Angelos), is assassinated by his nephew Nicholas Orsini at Arta.
- September 22 – Otto the Mild, becomes ruler over the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Lower Saxony, after the death of his father Albert II (the Fat).
- November 22 – Grand Prince Mikhail of Tver is summoned by Özbeg Khan at Sarai, the capital of the Golden Horde. After his arrival, he is executed.
England
- April 1–2 – Scottish forces under James Douglas (the Black) retake Berwick-upon-Tweed. The fall of Berwick is a severe blow for King Edward II, and its loss is compounded by the fall of the Northumbrian castles of Wark-on-Tweed (or Carham Castle), Harbottle and Mitford.[3]
- May – Scottish forces under King Robert I (the Bruce) raid Yorkshire and burn Northallerton, Boroughbridge and Knaresborough (where some 140 houses are destroyed). They also terrorize the citizens of Ripon, who are spared destruction, on payment of 1,000 marks.[4]
- May 10 – Battle of Dysert O'Dea: An Irish confederation defeats the Hiberno-Normans under Richard de Clare. During the battle, some 500 men are killed, along with 80 English nobles.
- August 9 – Treaty of Leake: Edward II signs an agreement with the "Middle Party" led by his cousin, Earl Thomas of Lancaster, and his court followers at East Leake in Nottinghamshire.
- October 14 – Battle of Faughart: A Hiberno-Norman force defeats a Scots-Irish army commanded by Edward Bruce (who is killed in the battle), ending the Bruce campaign in Ireland.
Asia
Religion
- Pope John XXII persecutes the Spiritual Franciscans (Fraticelli), an Italian branch of the order that pursues strictly the Franciscan ideal of Apostolic poverty; four members are burned at the stake as heretics.[6]
- John XXII creates ten suffragan bishoprics for Persia; Armenia, Persia and India are granted to the Dominicans as a mission field, while the Franciscans get China (approximate date).
Births
- June 18 – Eleanor of Woodstock, English princess and regent (d. 1355)[7]
- June 29 – Yusuf I (al-Muyyad billah), Nasrid ruler of Granada (d. 1354)
- September 11 – Eleanor of Lancaster, English noblewoman (d. 1372)
- date unknown
- Albert II, German nobleman (House of Mecklenburg) (d. 1379)
- Anne of Austria, German princess (House of Habsburg) (d. 1343)
- Baha' al-Din Naqshband, Persian Sufi religious leader (d. 1389)
- Bogislaw V (the Great), German nobleman and knight (d. 1374)
- Contance of Aragon, Spanish noblewoman and queen (d. 1346)
- David de la Hay, Scottish nobleman and High Constable (d. 1346)
- Kitabatake Akiie, Japanese nobleman (Minamoto clan) (d. 1338)
- Margaret Audley, English noblewoman and landowner (d. 1349)
- Margaret of Tyrol, Austrian princess (House of Gorizia) (d. 1369)
- Maurice FitzGerald, Irish nobleman and Lord Justice (d. 1390)
- Wenceslaus I, Polish nobleman, knight and co-ruler (d. 1364)
Deaths
- January 17 – Erwin von Steinbach, German architect (b. 1244)
- February 14
- March 11 – Amanieu II, French nobleman and archbishop (b. 1232)
- April 26 – Matilda of Brunswick-Lüneburg, German co-ruler (b. 1276)
- May 10 – Richard de Clare, English nobleman, knight and steward[9]
- May 26 – Fujiwara no Kishi, Japanese empress consort (b. 1252)[10]
- June 23 – Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu, French counselor (b. 1252)
- July 25 – Nicholas I, Bohemian nobleman, knight and ruler (b. 1255)
- August 14 – Giacomo Colonna, Italian priest and cardinal (b. 1250)
- August 20 – Cassone della Torre, Italian nobleman and patriarch[11]
- September 22 – Albert II (the Fat), German nobleman (b. 1268)
- October 14 – (Battle of Faughart)
- Edward Bruce, Scottish nobleman and High King
- Philip Mowbray, Scottish nobleman and governor
- November 22 – Mikhail of Tver, Kievan Grand Prince (b. 1271)
- November 25 – Philip of Ibelin, Outremer nobleman and knight
- November 29 – Heinrich Frauenlob, German musician and poet
- December 16 – Dirk II van Brederode, Dutch nobleman (b. 1256)
- December 19 – Husseini Heravi, Persian poet and writer (b. 1245)
- date unknown
- Abdisho bar Berika (or St. Odisho), Syrian bishop and writer
- Eric Magnusson, Swedish prince and knight (House of Bjelbo)
- Gilbert Middleton, English nobleman, knight and rebel leader[12]
- Henry of Hachberg-Sausenberg, German nobleman (b. 1300)
- Jamal al-Din al-Watwat, Egyptian scholar and writer (b. 1235)
- Jean IV de Beaumont, French nobleman, knight and marshal
- John II (Doukas), Byzantine nobleman and ruler (sebastokrator)
- John de Soules, Scoto-Norman landowner (House of de Soules)
- Konoe Tsunehira, Japanese nobleman (Fujiwara clan) (b. 1287)
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, Persian historian and writer (b. 1247)
- Thomas I (Komnenos Doukas), Byzantine nobleman (b. 1288)
- Valdemar Magnusson, Swedish nobleman and prince (b. 1283)
References
- Uginet, F. (1968). "La vie à l'abbaye de Sainte-Sophie de Bénévent dans la première moitié du XIVe siècle". Mélanges d'archéologie et d'histoire. 80. 80 (2): 681–704. doi:10.3406/mefr.1968.7564.
- Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 157. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 83. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
- Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 86. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
- Varley, H. Paul (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns, p. 240. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04940-5.
- Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 157. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Panton, James (2011). Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy. Scarecrow Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-8108-7497-8.
- Parsons, John Carmi (2004). "Margaret (1279–1318". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 15 January 2008.
- Lewis Spence (1999). "The Magical Arts in Celtic Britain", p. 81.
- Wispelwey, Berend (2013). Japanese Biographical Index. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3110947984.
- Cazzani, Eugenio (1996). Vescovi e arcivescovi di Milano (in Italian), pp. 183–185. Milano: Massimo. ISBN 88-7030-891-X.
- Maddicott, John (1970). Thomas of Lancaster, 1307–1322: A Study in the Reign of Edward II, p. 205. Oxford University Press.
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