vitrum

From Latin vitrum.

vitrum (plural vitra)

1. (obsolete) Glass; a glassy material.
   • 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia:

     I imagine it to be some small parcel of the Steel, which by the violence of the motion of the stroke […] is made so glowing hot, that it is melted into a Vitrum, which by the ambient Air is thrust into the form of a Ball.

From Proto-Italic *wedrom (“glass”), from Proto-Indo-European *wed-ro- (“water-like”), from *wed- (“water”) (whence also Latin unda (“water”)). Compare semantic parallel in Middle Iranian where "glass" is also derived from "water": Middle Persian ʾp̄ḵynk' (ābgēnag, “crystal, glass”), compound of ʾp̄ (āb, “water”) + -kyn' (-gēn) + -k' (-ag) > Persian آبگینه‎ (ābgīna, “glass”), Sogdian ʾʾpkyn-, ʾʾpkynʾk (“crystal”), Ossetian авг (avg) (Iron) / авгӕ (avgæ, “glass; bottle”) (Digor). Compare also Old Armenian ապակի (apaki) and Hungarian üveg (“glass; bottle”). The plant and its dye were named after the color of glass in antiquity.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯i.trum/, [ˈu̯ɪt̪rʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.trum/, [ˈviːt̪rum]

vitrum n (genitive vitrī); second declension

1. glass

   Mihi dicendum est de materia, ex qua vitrum conficitur. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. dyer's woad, a plant used for dying blue (Isatis tinctoria)
3. woad, a blue dye used by the Britons made from that plant

Second-declension noun (neuter).

• hyalus

• in vitro

• vitreus

• glastum, isatis

• “vitrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vitrum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vitrum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• vitrum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• “vitrum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vitrum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 684
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 212

vitrum

1. inflection of vitr:
   1. positive degree strong masculine dative singular
   2. positive degree strong/weak dative plural

vitrum

1. indefinite dative plural of vitra

vitrum

1. first-person plural present indicative/imperative active of vitra