shindwa

Swahili

Verb

-shindwa (infinitive kushindwa)

Passive form of -shinda; to lose, be beaten

Conjugation

Conjugation of -shindwa

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kushindwa

kutoshindwa

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

shindwa

shindweni

Habitual

hushindwa

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilishindwa nalishindwa	tulishindwa twalishindwa	ulishindwa walishindwa	mlishindwa mwalishindwa	alishindwa	walishindwa	ulishindwa	ilishindwa	lilishindwa	yalishindwa	kilishindwa	vilishindwa	ilishindwa	zilishindwa	ulishindwa	kulishindwa	palishindwa	mulishindwa
Relative	nilioshindwa nalioshindwa	tulioshindwa twalioshindwa	ulioshindwa walioshindwa	mlioshindwa mwalioshindwa	alioshindwa	walioshindwa	ulioshindwa	ilioshindwa	lilioshindwa	yalioshindwa	kilioshindwa	vilioshindwa	ilioshindwa	zilioshindwa	ulioshindwa	kulioshindwa	palioshindwa	mulioshindwa
Negative	sikushindwa	hatukushindwa	hukushindwa	hamkushindwa	hakushindwa	hawakushindwa	haukushindwa	haikushindwa	halikushindwa	hayakushindwa	hakikushindwa	havikushindwa	haikushindwa	hazikushindwa	haukushindwa	hakukushindwa	hapakushindwa	hamukushindwa

Present
Positive	ninashindwa nashindwa	tunashindwa	unashindwa	mnashindwa	anashindwa	wanashindwa	unashindwa	inashindwa	linashindwa	yanashindwa	kinashindwa	vinashindwa	inashindwa	zinashindwa	unashindwa	kunashindwa	panashindwa	munashindwa
Relative	ninaoshindwa naoshindwa	tunaoshindwa	unaoshindwa	mnaoshindwa	anaoshindwa	wanaoshindwa	unaoshindwa	inaoshindwa	linaoshindwa	yanaoshindwa	kinaoshindwa	vinaoshindwa	inaoshindwa	zinaoshindwa	unaoshindwa	kunaoshindwa	panaoshindwa	munaoshindwa
Negative	sishindwi	hatushindwi	hushindwi	hamshindwi	hashindwi	hawashindwi	haushindwi	haishindwi	halishindwi	hayashindwi	hakishindwi	havishindwi	haishindwi	hazishindwi	haushindwi	hakushindwi	hapashindwi	hamushindwi

Future
Positive	nitashindwa	tutashindwa	utashindwa	mtashindwa	atashindwa	watashindwa	utashindwa	itashindwa	litashindwa	yatashindwa	kitashindwa	vitashindwa	itashindwa	zitashindwa	utashindwa	kutashindwa	patashindwa	mutashindwa
Relative	nitakaoshindwa	tutakaoshindwa	utakaoshindwa	mtakaoshindwa	atakaoshindwa	watakaoshindwa	utakaoshindwa	itakaoshindwa	litakaoshindwa	yatakaoshindwa	kitakaoshindwa	vitakaoshindwa	itakaoshindwa	zitakaoshindwa	utakaoshindwa	kutakaoshindwa	patakaoshindwa	mutakaoshindwa
Negative	sitashindwa	hatutashindwa	hutashindwa	hamtashindwa	hatashindwa	hawatashindwa	hautashindwa	haitashindwa	halitashindwa	hayatashindwa	hakitashindwa	havitashindwa	haitashindwa	hazitashindwa	hautashindwa	hakutashindwa	hapatashindwa	hamutashindwa

Subjunctive
Positive	nishindwe	tushindwe	ushindwe	mshindwe	ashindwe	washindwe	ushindwe	ishindwe	lishindwe	yashindwe	kishindwe	vishindwe	ishindwe	zishindwe	ushindwe	kushindwe	pashindwe	mushindwe
Negative	nisishindwe	tusishindwe	usishindwe	msishindwe	asishindwe	wasishindwe	usishindwe	isishindwe	lisishindwe	yasishindwe	kisishindwe	visishindwe	isishindwe	zisishindwe	usishindwe	kusishindwe	pasishindwe	musishindwe

Present Conditional
Positive	ningeshindwa	tungeshindwa	ungeshindwa	mngeshindwa	angeshindwa	wangeshindwa	ungeshindwa	ingeshindwa	lingeshindwa	yangeshindwa	kingeshindwa	vingeshindwa	ingeshindwa	zingeshindwa	ungeshindwa	kungeshindwa	pangeshindwa	mungeshindwa
Negative	nisingeshindwa singeshindwa	tusingeshindwa hatungeshindwa	usingeshindwa hungeshindwa	msingeshindwa hamngeshindwa	asingeshindwa hangeshindwa	wasingeshindwa hawangeshindwa	usingeshindwa haungeshindwa	isingeshindwa haingeshindwa	lisingeshindwa halingeshindwa	yasingeshindwa hayangeshindwa	kisingeshindwa hakingeshindwa	visingeshindwa havingeshindwa	isingeshindwa haingeshindwa	zisingeshindwa hazingeshindwa	usingeshindwa haungeshindwa	kusingeshindwa hakungeshindwa	pasingeshindwa hapangeshindwa	musingeshindwa hamungeshindwa

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalishindwa	tungalishindwa	ungalishindwa	mngalishindwa	angalishindwa	wangalishindwa	ungalishindwa	ingalishindwa	lingalishindwa	yangalishindwa	kingalishindwa	vingalishindwa	ingalishindwa	zingalishindwa	ungalishindwa	kungalishindwa	pangalishindwa	mungalishindwa
Negative	nisingalishindwa singalishindwa	tusingalishindwa hatungalishindwa	usingalishindwa hungalishindwa	msingalishindwa hamngalishindwa	asingalishindwa hangalishindwa	wasingalishindwa hawangalishindwa	usingalishindwa haungalishindwa	isingalishindwa haingalishindwa	lisingalishindwa halingalishindwa	yasingalishindwa hayangalishindwa	kisingalishindwa hakingalishindwa	visingalishindwa havingalishindwa	isingalishindwa haingalishindwa	zisingalishindwa hazingalishindwa	usingalishindwa haungalishindwa	kusingalishindwa hakungalishindwa	pasingalishindwa hapangalishindwa	musingalishindwa hamungalishindwa

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelishindwa	tungelishindwa	ungelishindwa	mngelishindwa	angelishindwa	wangelishindwa	ungelishindwa	ingelishindwa	lingelishindwa	yangelishindwa	kingelishindwa	vingelishindwa	ingelishindwa	zingelishindwa	ungelishindwa	kungelishindwa	pangelishindwa	mungelishindwa

General Relative
Positive	nishindwao	tushindwao	ushindwao	mshindwao	ashindwao	washindwao	ushindwao	ishindwao	lishindwao	yashindwao	kishindwao	vishindwao	ishindwao	zishindwao	ushindwao	kushindwao	pashindwao	mushindwao
Negative	nisioshindwa	tusioshindwa	usioshindwa	msioshindwa	asioshindwa	wasioshindwa	usioshindwa	isioshindwa	lisioshindwa	yasioshindwa	kisioshindwa	visioshindwa	isioshindwa	zisioshindwa	usioshindwa	kusioshindwa	pasioshindwa	musioshindwa

Gnomic
Positive	nashindwa	twashindwa	washindwa	mwashindwa	ashindwa	washindwa	washindwa	yashindwa	lashindwa	yashindwa	chashindwa	vyashindwa	yashindwa	zashindwa	washindwa	kwashindwa	pashindwa	mwashindwa

Perfect
Positive	nimeshindwa	tumeshindwa	umeshindwa	mmeshindwa	ameshindwa	wameshindwa	umeshindwa	imeshindwa	limeshindwa	yameshindwa	kimeshindwa	vimeshindwa	imeshindwa	zimeshindwa	umeshindwa	kumeshindwa	pameshindwa	mumeshindwa

"Already"
Positive	nimeshashindwa	tumeshashindwa	umeshashindwa	mmeshashindwa	ameshashindwa	wameshashindwa	umeshashindwa	imeshashindwa	limeshashindwa	yameshashindwa	kimeshashindwa	vimeshashindwa	imeshashindwa	zimeshashindwa	umeshashindwa	kumeshashindwa	pameshashindwa	mumeshashindwa

"Not yet"
Negative	sijashindwa	hatujashindwa	hujashindwa	hamjashindwa	hajashindwa	hawajashindwa	haujashindwa	haijashindwa	halijashindwa	hayajashindwa	hakijashindwa	havijashindwa	haijashindwa	hazijashindwa	haujashindwa	hakujashindwa	hapajashindwa	hamujashindwa

"If/When"
Positive	nikishindwa	tukishindwa	ukishindwa	mkishindwa	akishindwa	wakishindwa	ukishindwa	ikishindwa	likishindwa	yakishindwa	kikishindwa	vikishindwa	ikishindwa	zikishindwa	ukishindwa	kukishindwa	pakishindwa	mukishindwa

"If not"
Negative	nisiposhindwa	tusiposhindwa	usiposhindwa	msiposhindwa	asiposhindwa	wasiposhindwa	usiposhindwa	isiposhindwa	lisiposhindwa	yasiposhindwa	kisiposhindwa	visiposhindwa	isiposhindwa	zisiposhindwa	usiposhindwa	kusiposhindwa	pasiposhindwa	musiposhindwa

Consecutive
Positive	nikashindwa	tukashindwa	ukashindwa	mkashindwa	akashindwa	wakashindwa	ukashindwa	ikashindwa	likashindwa	yakashindwa	kikashindwa	vikashindwa	ikashindwa	zikashindwa	ukashindwa	kukashindwa	pakashindwa	mukashindwa

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

mshindwa

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