sappi
See also: säppi
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sappi, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *säppä. Cognates include Estonian sapp, Erzya сэпе (sepe) and Hungarian epe.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsɑpːi/, [ˈs̠ɑpːi]
- Rhymes: -ɑpːi
- Syllabification(key): sap‧pi
Noun
sappi
- bile, gall (bodily fluid)
- gallbladder (short of sappirakko)
- centaury (any plant of the genus Centaurium)
- (in the plural) the genus Centaurium
- (dated, idiomatic) bile, spleen, spitefulness (bad mood, bitterness of temper).
- Hän saa sappeni kiehumaan. = He makes my bile boil (lit.).
Declension
| Inflection of sappi (Kotus type 7*B/ovi, pp-p gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sappi | sapet | |
| genitive | sapen | sappien | |
| partitive | sappea | sappia | |
| illative | sappeen | sappiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | sappi | sapet | |
| accusative | nom. | sappi | sapet |
| gen. | sapen | ||
| genitive | sapen | sappien | |
| partitive | sappea | sappia | |
| inessive | sapessa | sapissa | |
| elative | sapesta | sapista | |
| illative | sappeen | sappiin | |
| adessive | sapella | sapilla | |
| ablative | sapelta | sapilta | |
| allative | sapelle | sapille | |
| essive | sappena | sappina | |
| translative | sapeksi | sapiksi | |
| instructive | — | sapin | |
| abessive | sapetta | sapitta | |
| comitative | — | sappineen | |
| Possessive forms of sappi (type ovi) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | sappeni | sappemme |
| 2nd person | sappesi | sappenne |
| 3rd person | sappensa | |
Synonyms
- (gallbladder): sappirakko
- (bitterness of temper): sapekkuus
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsɑpːi/, [ˈs̠ɑpː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsɑpːi/, [ˈʃɑpːi]
- Rhymes: -ɑpːi
- Hyphenation: sap‧pi
Declension
| Declension of sappi (type 5/lehti, pp-p gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | sappi | sapet |
| genitive | sapen | sappiin, sappiloin |
| partitive | sappia | sappija, sappiloja |
| illative | sappee | sappii, sappiloihe |
| inessive | sapes | sapis, sappilois |
| elative | sapest | sapist, sappiloist |
| allative | sapelle | sapille, sappiloille |
| adessive | sapel | sapil, sappiloil |
| ablative | sapelt | sapilt, sappiloilt |
| translative | sapeks | sapiks, sappiloiks |
| essive | sappenna, sappeen | sappinna, sappiloinna, sappiin, sappiloin |
| exessive1) | sappent | sappint, sappiloint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 506
Italian
Karelian
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sappi.
Pronunciation
- (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈsɑpːi/, [ˈsɑpːi]
- Rhymes: -ɑpːi
- Hyphenation: sap‧pi
Inflection
| Declension of sappi (type VII/nimi, pp-p gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | sappi | sapõd |
| genitive | sapõ | sappije, sappijõ, sappi |
| partitive | sappõa | sappitõ, sappi |
| illative | sappõ, sappõsõ | sappije, sappijõ, sappisõ |
| inessive | sapõz | sappiz |
| elative | sapõssõ | sappissõ |
| allative | sapõlõ | sappilõ |
| adessive | sapõllõ | sappillõ |
| ablative | sapõltõ | sappiltõ |
| translative | sapõssi | sappissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||
References
- V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “sappi”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn
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