pstk'

Middle Persian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

pstk' • (pistag)

(Book Pahlavi) pistachio nut

Descendants

taking Middle Persian as representative for all Middle Iranian

Persian: پسته‎ (peste)
- → Azerbaijani: püstə
- → Georgian: ფისტა (pisṭa)
- → Hindustani: pistā
  - Hindi: पिस्ता
  - Urdu: پستہ‎
- → Kazakh: пісте (pıste)
- → Marathi: पिस्ता (pistā)
- → Ottoman Turkish: پسته‎ (piste)
- → Pashto: پسته‎ (pistá)
- → Punjabi: ਪਿਸਤਾ (pistā)
- → Sindhi: پستو‎ (pisto)
- → Tatar: пестә (pestä)
- → Uzbek: pista
→ Ancient Greek: πιστάκη (pistákē), πιστάκιον (pistákion), βιστάκιον (bistákion)
- → Latin: pistacium, pistacia
  - → Czech: pistácie
  - → Estonian: pistaatsia
  - → German: Pistazie
  - → Hungarian: pisztácia
  - → Italian: pistacchio
    - → Catalan: pistatxo
    - → English: pistachio
  - → Latvian: pistācija
  - → Norwegian: pistasie
  - → Old French: pistace
    - French: pistache
      - → Dutch: pistache
      - → Spanish: pistacho
      - → Swedish: pistasch
  - → Polish: pistacja
  - → Portuguese: pistácio, pistácia
→ Arabic: فُسْتُق‎ (fustuq)
- Maltese: fosdoq
- → Middle Armenian: ֆստուխ (fstux)
  - Armenian: ֆստըխ (fstəx), ֆըստըխ (fəstəx), ֆստխ (fstx), ֆստուղ (fstuł), ֆստուխ (fstux), փստուղ (pʿstuł), փստուխ (pʿstux)
- → Old Catalan: festuchs, festuch, festuc
  - Catalan: festuc
- → Spanish: alfóncigo, alfónsigo, alfóstiga
- → Middle French: festuce, festue
- → Old Occitan: festuc
  - →⇒ Old Occitan: fustet
    - Occitan: fustet
    - → Middle French: fustet, fustel, fustec, fustot
      - French: fustet, fustel, fustic, fustoc
        → English: fustet, fustic, fustoc
        → German: Fustet, Fustic, Fustetholz, Fusticholz, Fisetholz
        → Spanish: fustoc
    - → Piedmontese: fustot
- → Persian: فستق‎ (fostoq, fostaq)
  - → Ottoman Turkish: فستق‎ (fıstık)
    - Turkish: fıstık
    - → Albanian: fistik, fëstëk
    - → Belarusian: фісташка (fistaška) (influenced by French pistache)
    - → Bulgarian: фъстъ́к (fǎstǎ́k)
    - → Crimean Tatar: fıstıq
    - → English: fistichnut, fisticknut, fistinut
    - → Middle French: fistique
    - → Greek: φιστίκι (fistíki)
    - → Macedonian: фастак (fastak), ф’стак (f’stak)
    - → Portuguese: fistico
    - → Romanian: fistic
    - → Russian: фиста́шка (fistáška)
      - → Armenian: ֆիստաշկա (fistaška)
      - → Bashkir: фисташка (fistaşka)
      - → Georgian: ფისტაშკა (pisṭašḳa) (non-standard)
      - → Polish: fistaszek
      - → Yiddish: פֿיסטאַשקע‎ (fistashke)
    - → Ukrainian: фіста́шка (fistáška) (influenced by French pistache)
- → Portuguese: alfóstico, alfóstigo, fóstico
- → Swahili: fistiki
→ Aramaic:
Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פיסתקא‎ (pistəqā), פסתקא‎ (pistəqā)

Classical Syriac: ܦܘܣܬܩܐ‎ (pustəqā), ܦܷܣܬܩܐ‎ (pestəqā)
→ Old Armenian: պիստակ (pistak), պստակ (pstak)
- Armenian: պիստակ (pistak)

References

Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “պիստակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 85ab
MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “pistag”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 69
Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1664, page 133b

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