kraapima
Estonian
Etymology
Onomatopoetic. Cognate to Finnish raapia, Votic kraappia, Karelian roapie. Influenced by Middle Low German schrapen.
Conjugation
Inflection of kraapima (ÕS type 28/õppima, p-b gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | kraabin | ei kraabi | 1st sing. | olen kraapinud | ei ole kraapinud pole kraapinud |
| 2nd sing. | kraabid | 2nd sing. | oled kraapinud | ||
| 3rd sing. | kraabib | 3rd sing. | on kraapinud | ||
| 1st plur. | kraabime | 1st plur. | oleme kraapinud | ||
| 2nd plur. | kraabite | 2nd plur. | olete kraapinud | ||
| 3rd plur. | kraabivad | 3rd plur. | on kraapinud | ||
| passive | kraabitakse | ei kraabita | passive | on kraabitud | ei ole kraabitud pole kraabitud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | kraapisin | ei kraapinud | 1st sing. | olin kraapinud | ei olnud kraapinud polnud kraapinud |
| 2nd sing. | kraapisid | 2nd sing. | olid kraapinud | ||
| 3rd sing. | kraapis | 3rd sing. | oli kraapinud | ||
| 1st plur. | kraapisime | 1st plur. | olime kraapinud | ||
| 2nd plur. | kraapisite | 2nd plur. | olite kraapinud | ||
| 3rd plur. | kraapisid | 3rd plur. | oli kraapinud | ||
| passive | kraabiti | ei kraabitud | passive | oli kraabitud | ei olnud kraabitud polnud kraabitud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | kraabiksin | ei kraabiks | 1st sing. | oleksin kraapinud | ei oleks kraapinud poleks kraapinud |
| 2nd sing. | kraabiksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid kraapinud | ||
| 3rd sing. | kraabiks | 3rd sing. | oleks kraapinud | ||
| 1st plur. | kraabiksime | 1st plur. | oleksime kraapinud | ||
| 2nd plur. | kraabiksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite kraapinud | ||
| 3rd plur. | kraabiksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid kraapinud | ||
| passive | kraabitaks | ei kraabitaks | passive | oleks kraabitud | ei oleks kraabitud poleks kraabitud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | kraabi | ära kraabi | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | kraapigu | ärgu kraapigu | 3rd sing. | olgu kraapinud | ärgu olgu kraapinud |
| 1st plur. | kraapigem | ärgem kraapigem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | kraapige | ärge kraapige | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | kraapigu | ärgu kraapigu | 3rd plur. | olgu kraapinud | ärgu olgu kraapinud |
| passive | kraabitagu | ärgu kraabitagu | passive | olgu kraabitud | ärgu olgu kraabitud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | kraapivat | ei kraapivat | active | olevat kraapinud | ei olevat kraapinud polevat kraapinud |
| passive | kraabitavat | ei kraabitavat | passive | olevat kraabitud | ei olevat kraabitud polevat kraabitud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | kraapida | ||||||
| nominative | kraapima | kraabitama | des-form | kraapides | |||||
| inessive | kraapimas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | kraapimast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | kraapimaks | — | present | kraapiv | kraabitav | ||||
| abessive | kraapimata | — | past | kraapinud | kraabitud | ||||
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