jumala
See also: Jumala
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *jumala, from Proto-Finno-Permic *juma (“sky, god”), probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] (compare Sanskrit द्युम्न (dyumna, “splendor”), Sanskrit द्युमत् (dyumat, “bright; an epithet of Indra”)) or earlier Indo-European. Cognates include Estonian jumal (“god”) and Erzya ёндол (jondol, “lightning”) (initial component).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈjumɑlɑ/, [ˈjumɑlɑ]
- Rhymes: -umɑlɑ
- Syllabification(key): ju‧ma‧la
Declension
| Inflection of jumala (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | jumala | jumalat | |
| genitive | jumalan | jumalien | |
| partitive | jumalaa | jumalia | |
| illative | jumalaan | jumaliin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | jumala | jumalat | |
| accusative | nom. | jumala | jumalat |
| gen. | jumalan | ||
| genitive | jumalan | jumalien jumalainrare | |
| partitive | jumalaa | jumalia | |
| inessive | jumalassa | jumalissa | |
| elative | jumalasta | jumalista | |
| illative | jumalaan | jumaliin | |
| adessive | jumalalla | jumalilla | |
| ablative | jumalalta | jumalilta | |
| allative | jumalalle | jumalille | |
| essive | jumalana | jumalina | |
| translative | jumalaksi | jumaliksi | |
| instructive | — | jumalin | |
| abessive | jumalatta | jumalitta | |
| comitative | — | jumalineen | |
| Possessive forms of jumala (type koira) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | jumalani | jumalamme |
| 2nd person | jumalasi | jumalanne |
| 3rd person | jumalansa | |
Note also the literary genitive plural form jumalten.
Derived terms
- julkijumalinen
- jumalainen
- jumalallinen
- jumalatar
- jumalaton
- jumalinen
- jumalolento
- jumaluus
Compounds
Related terms
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈjumɑlɑ/, [ˈjumɑɫ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈjumɑːlɑ/, [ˈjumˑɑːɫɑ]
- Rhymes: -umɑlɑ, -umɑːlɑ
- Hyphenation: ju‧ma‧la
Declension
| Declension of jumala (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | jumala | jumalat |
| genitive | jumalan | jumaliin |
| partitive | jumalaa | jumalia |
| illative | jumalaa | jumalii |
| inessive | jumalaas | jumaliis |
| elative | jumalast | jumalist |
| allative | jumalalle | jumalille |
| adessive | jumalaal | jumaliil |
| ablative | jumalalt | jumalilt |
| translative | jumalaks | jumaliks |
| essive | jumalanna, jumalaan | jumalinna, jumaliin |
| exessive1) | jumalant | jumalint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
Karelian
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