imfen
Old Irish
Etymology
From imm- + Proto-Celtic *winati (“bend, enclose”), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to weave, wind”). Cognate with Sanskrit वयति (váyati), व्ययति (vyáyati), Latin vieō and Russian вить (vitʹ, “to wind, twist, weave”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /imʲˈfʲen/
Verb
im·fen (verbal noun imbe)
Conjugation
Complex, class B IV present, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | im·fen | |||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·ímcua (with perfective com-) |
·ímcuaad (with perfective com-) |
|||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | imma·feithe (with infixed pronoun a-) |
|||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | imbe | ||||||||
| Past participle | imbide, imbithe | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Related terms
- ad·fen
- fithe
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| im·fen | im·ḟen | im·fen pronounced with /-v(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “imm·fen”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
- Holger Pedersen (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 517
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