hibernum

Latin

Ellipsis of hībernum tempus, literally 'wintry time'. Eventually came to replace hiems (“winter”) in the development from Latin to Romance.

hībernum n (genitive hībernī); second declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

hībernum

inflection of hībernus:
1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
2. accusative masculine singular

Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: earnã, iarã
- Romanian: iarnă
Old Occitan: ivern
- Catalan: hivern
- Occitan: ivèrn
Old French: hyvier, yver, iver
- Middle French: hyver
  - French: hiver
  - Norman: hivé
- Walloon: ivier
Sardinian:
- Campidanese: ierru
- Logudorese: jerru, ierru
- Nuorese: iberru, ivverru
West Iberian:
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: iviernu, hibiernu
  - Leonese: hibiernu
- Old Spanish: yvierno
Vulgar Latin: *invernum
- Gallo-Italic:
  - Piedmontese: invern
- Italo-Dalmatian:
  - Dalmatian: inviarno
  - Italian: inverno
  - Sicilian: nvèrnu
- Rhaeto-Romance:
  - Friulian: unviêr
  - Romansch: enviern
- Venetian: inverno
- West Iberian:
  - Old Portuguese: inverno
    - Galician: inverno
    - Portuguese: inverno
  - Old Spanish: ynvierno
    - Spanish: invierno

hibernum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) in spring, summer, autumn, winter time: verno, aestivo, auctumnali, hiberno tempore
- (ambiguous) winter-quarters, summer-quarters: castra hiberna, aestiva
- (ambiguous) to take the troops to their winter-quarters: milites in hibernis collocare, in hiberna deducere
Adams, James Noel. 1976. The text and language of a Vulgar Latin chronicle (Anonymous Valesianus II). London: Institute of Classical Studies. Page 83.

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