grener
French
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il grène rather than *il grene. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of grener (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | grener | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | grenant /ɡʁə.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | grené /ɡʁə.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | grène /ɡʁɛn/ |
grènes /ɡʁɛn/ |
grène /ɡʁɛn/ |
grenons /ɡʁə.nɔ̃/ |
grenez /ɡʁə.ne/ |
grènent /ɡʁɛn/ |
| imperfect | grenais /ɡʁə.nɛ/ |
grenais /ɡʁə.nɛ/ |
grenait /ɡʁə.nɛ/ |
grenions /ɡʁə.njɔ̃/ |
greniez /ɡʁə.nje/ |
grenaient /ɡʁə.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | grenai /ɡʁə.ne/ |
grenas /ɡʁə.na/ |
grena /ɡʁə.na/ |
grenâmes /ɡʁə.nam/ |
grenâtes /ɡʁə.nat/ |
grenèrent /ɡʁə.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | grènerai /ɡʁɛn.ʁe/ |
grèneras /ɡʁɛn.ʁa/ |
grènera /ɡʁɛn.ʁa/ |
grènerons /ɡʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/ |
grènerez /ɡʁɛn.ʁe/ |
grèneront /ɡʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | grènerais /ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ |
grènerais /ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ |
grènerait /ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ |
grènerions /ɡʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɡʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
grèneriez /ɡʁɛ.nə.ʁje/ or /ɡʁe.nə.ʁje/ |
grèneraient /ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | grène /ɡʁɛn/ |
grènes /ɡʁɛn/ |
grène /ɡʁɛn/ |
grenions /ɡʁə.njɔ̃/ |
greniez /ɡʁə.nje/ |
grènent /ɡʁɛn/ |
| imperfect2 | grenasse /ɡʁə.nas/ |
grenasses /ɡʁə.nas/ |
grenât /ɡʁə.na/ |
grenassions /ɡʁə.na.sjɔ̃/ |
grenassiez /ɡʁə.na.sje/ |
grenassent /ɡʁə.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | grène /ɡʁɛn/ |
— | grenons /ɡʁə.nɔ̃/ |
grenez /ɡʁə.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “grener”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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