gager
English
See also
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for gager in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
French
Etymology
From gage or from Old French guagier, itself from guage or from a derivative of Frankish *waddī, *wadja, possibly through a Vulgar Latin intermediate *wadiare from *wadium. Compare English to wage and wager, which came from the same source via an Anglo-Norman/Old Northern French variant.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡa.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written gage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
| infinitive | simple | gager | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | gageant /ɡa.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | gagé /ɡa.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gage /ɡaʒ/ |
gages /ɡaʒ/ |
gage /ɡaʒ/ |
gageons /ɡa.ʒɔ̃/ |
gagez /ɡa.ʒe/ |
gagent /ɡaʒ/ |
| imperfect | gageais /ɡa.ʒɛ/ |
gageais /ɡa.ʒɛ/ |
gageait /ɡa.ʒɛ/ |
gagions /ɡa.ʒjɔ̃/ |
gagiez /ɡa.ʒje/ |
gageaient /ɡa.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | gageai /ɡa.ʒe/ |
gageas /ɡa.ʒa/ |
gagea /ɡa.ʒa/ |
gageâmes /ɡa.ʒam/ |
gageâtes /ɡa.ʒat/ |
gagèrent /ɡa.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | gagerai /ɡaʒ.ʁe/ |
gageras /ɡaʒ.ʁa/ |
gagera /ɡaʒ.ʁa/ |
gagerons /ɡaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
gagerez /ɡaʒ.ʁe/ |
gageront /ɡaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gagerais /ɡaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
gagerais /ɡaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
gagerait /ɡaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
gagerions /ɡa.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gageriez /ɡa.ʒə.ʁje/ |
gageraient /ɡaʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | gage /ɡaʒ/ |
gages /ɡaʒ/ |
gage /ɡaʒ/ |
gagions /ɡa.ʒjɔ̃/ |
gagiez /ɡa.ʒje/ |
gagent /ɡaʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | gageasse /ɡa.ʒas/ |
gageasses /ɡa.ʒas/ |
gageât /ɡa.ʒa/ |
gageassions /ɡa.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
gageassiez /ɡa.ʒa.sje/ |
gageassent /ɡa.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | gage /ɡaʒ/ |
— | gageons /ɡa.ʒɔ̃/ |
gagez /ɡa.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “gager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.