fouler

English

Etymology

foul +‎ -er.

Pronunciation
  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈfaʊl.ə/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈfaʊl.ɚ/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Homophone: fowler
  • Audio (UK)(file)

Noun

fouler (plural foulers)

  1. One who fouls.
    • 2015, Saleem Mustafa, Rossita Shapawi, Aquaculture Ecosystems: Adaptability and Sustainability (page 119)
      For example, several species of hydroids and bryozoans are important foulers of salmon cages in Australia (Hodson et al., 2000) and Norway (Guenther et al., 2010).

Adjective

fouler

  1. comparative form of foul: more foul

Anagrams

French

Etymology

From Middle French fouller (“to trample, mill, fordo, mistreat”), from Old French foler (“to crush, act wickedly”), from Latin fullō (“I trample, I full”). More at full.

Pronunciation

Verb

fouler

  1. (transitive) to stamp, impress, dent; to mill
  2. (transitive) to walk on, trample
  3. (transitive) to oppress, mistreat
  4. (transitive) to injure by knocking, bumping or dinting
  5. (reflexive) to sprain
    Je me suis foulé la cheville en jouant au rugby
    I sprained my ankle playing rugby.
  6. (takes a reflexive pronoun, chiefly in the negative, colloquial) to wear oneself out, to overdo it
    ne pas se fouler ― Don't overdo it

Conjugation
Conjugation of fouler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple fouler
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple foulant
/fu.lɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle foulé
/fu.le/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present foule
/ful/		 foules
/ful/		 foule
/ful/		 foulons
/fu.lɔ̃/		 foulez
/fu.le/		 foulent
/ful/
imperfect foulais
/fu.lɛ/		 foulais
/fu.lɛ/		 foulait
/fu.lɛ/		 foulions
/fu.ljɔ̃/		 fouliez
/fu.lje/		 foulaient
/fu.lɛ/
past historic2 foulai
/fu.le/		 foulas
/fu.la/		 foula
/fu.la/		 foulâmes
/fu.lam/		 foulâtes
/fu.lat/		 foulèrent
/fu.lɛʁ/
future foulerai
/ful.ʁe/		 fouleras
/ful.ʁa/		 foulera
/ful.ʁa/		 foulerons
/ful.ʁɔ̃/		 foulerez
/ful.ʁe/		 fouleront
/ful.ʁɔ̃/
conditional foulerais
/ful.ʁɛ/		 foulerais
/ful.ʁɛ/		 foulerait
/ful.ʁɛ/		 foulerions
/fu.lə.ʁjɔ̃/		 fouleriez
/fu.lə.ʁje/		 fouleraient
/ful.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present foule
/ful/		 foules
/ful/		 foule
/ful/		 foulions
/fu.ljɔ̃/		 fouliez
/fu.lje/		 foulent
/ful/
imperfect2 foulasse
/fu.las/		 foulasses
/fu.las/		 foulât
/fu.la/		 foulassions
/fu.la.sjɔ̃/		 foulassiez
/fu.la.sje/		 foulassent
/fu.las/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — foule
/ful/		 — foulons
/fu.lɔ̃/		 foulez
/fu.le/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

Further reading
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