folyik
Hungarian
Etymology
Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Ugric *pȣlɜ- (“stream bubbling”) + -ik.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈfojik]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: fo‧lyik
- Rhymes: -ojik
Verb
folyik
Usage notes
This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. Similarly, the archaic -ék is not possible, either, in the subjunctive or conditional 3rd-person singular forms, i.e. -jék or -nék, only -jon/-jen-jön can appear as their subjunctive 3rd-person singular forms and -na/-ne as their conditional 3rd-person singular forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.
Conjugation
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | folyok | folysz | folyik | folyunk | folytok | folynak |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | folytam | folytál | folyt | folytunk | folytatok | folytak | |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | folynék | folynál | folyna | folynánk | folynátok | folynának |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | folyjak | folyj or folyjál |
folyjon or folyjék |
folyjunk | folyjatok | folyjanak |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Infinitive | folyni | folynom | folynod | folynia | folynunk | folynotok | folyniuk | |
Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
folyás | folyó | folyt | ― | folyva | folyhat |
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
- aláfolyik
- átfolyik
- befolyik
- belefolyik
- egybefolyik
- elfolyik
- idefolyik
- keresztülfolyik
- kifolyik
- körülfolyik
- közéfolyik
- lefolyik
- megfolyik
- melléfolyik
- odafolyik
- összefolyik
- ráfolyik
- szétfolyik
- tovafolyik
- továbbfolyik
- túlfolyik
- végigfolyik
- visszafolyik
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian words with ly
References
- Entry #1832 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
- folyik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- folyik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN