eschauder

Old French

Alternative forms

eschalder, escalder, escauder, ecauder
eschadier, eçcauder, eçcaudir

Etymology

From Late Latin excaldāre, a verb based on Latin caldus (“hot”), from earlier calidus.

Pronunciation

(archaic) IPA^(key): /est͡ʃalˈdeːr/, (northern) /eskalˈdeːr/
(classical) IPA^(key): /est͡ʃau̯ˈdeːr/, (northern) /eskau̯ˈdeːr/
(late) IPA^(key): /eːʃau̯ˈder/, (northern) /eːkau̯ˈder/

Verb

eschauder

to scald

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of eschauder (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		eschauder			avoir eschaudé
gerund		en eschaudant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		eschaudant
past participle		eschaudé
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	eschaut	eschaudes	eschaude	eschaudons	eschaudez	eschaudent
	imperfect	eschaudoie, eschaudeie, eschaudoe, eschaudeve	eschaudoies, eschaudeies, eschaudoes, eschaudeves	eschaudoit, eschaudeit, eschaudot, eschaudeve	eschaudiiens, eschaudiens	eschaudiiez, eschaudiez	eschaudoient, eschaudeient, eschaudoent, eschaudevent
	preterite	eschaudai	eschaudas	eschauda	eschaudames	eschaudastes	eschauderent
	future	eschauderai	eschauderas	eschaudera	eschauderons	eschauderoiz, eschaudereiz, eschauderez	eschauderont
	conditional	eschauderoie, eschaudereie	eschauderoies, eschaudereies	eschauderoit, eschaudereit	eschauderiiens, eschauderiens	eschauderiiez, eschauderiez	eschauderoient, eschaudereient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	eschaut	eschauz	eschaut	eschaudons	eschaudez	eschaudent
simple tenses	imperfect	eschaudasse	eschaudasses	eschaudast	eschaudissons, eschaudissiens	eschaudissoiz, eschaudissez, eschaudissiez	eschaudassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	eschaude	—	eschaudons	eschaudez	—

Related terms

chaut (adjective)

Descendants

Franc-Comtois: âchaudai
Middle French: eschauder
- French: échauder
Lorrain: échouder, étsouder
Norman: écauder
Walloon: hauder, hôder
→ Middle English: scalden, scalde, skalden, scolden, schalden, scholden
- English: scald
- Yola: scaul, scalte, scaulte

References

eschauder on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “excaldare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 263

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