dexter
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin dexter, from Proto-Indo-European *deḱs(i)-teros, from *deḱs- (“right”) (Pokorny, Watkins, 1969; et al.). Compare Epic Greek δεξιτερός (dexiterós, “right hand”), δεξιός (dexiós, “right”), Old Church Slavonic деснъ (desnŭ, “right”).
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈdɛkstə/
Audio (UK) (file)
Adjective
dexter (not comparable)
- (archaic) Right; on the right-hand side.
- Antonym: sinister
- c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene v], column 2:
- my Mothers bloud / Runs on the dexter checke, and this ſiniſter / Bounds in my fathers:
- 1887, George William Foote; J. M. Wheeler, Crimes of Christianity, London: Progressive Publishing:
- Displaying his dexter palm, he exclaimed that there was a hand that never took a bribe; whereupon a smart auditor cried "How about the one behind your back?"
- 1911, Saki, ‘The Match-Maker’, The Chronicles of Clovis:
- Clovis wiped the trace of Turkish coffee and the beginnings of a smile from his lips, and slowly lowered his dexter eyelid.
Translations
Noun
dexter (plural dexters)
- (heraldry) The right side of a shield from the wearer's standpoint, and the left side to the viewer.
- The right hand.
Derived terms
Translations
Latin
Alternative forms
- dester (Vulgar or Late Latin, Pompeian inscriptions)
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *deksiteros, from Proto-Indo-European *deḱsi-tero-s, from *deḱs- (“right”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δεξιός (dexiós), Old High German zesawa (“right hand, right hand side”), Sanskrit दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈdek.ster/, [ˈd̪ɛks̠t̪ɛr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈdek.ster/, [ˈd̪ɛkst̪er]
Adjective
dexter (feminine dextra or dextera, neuter dextrum or dexterum, comparative dexterior, superlative dextimus); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er; two different stems)
Declension
First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er; two different stems).
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | dexter | dextra dextera |
dextrum dexterum |
dextrī dexterī |
dextrae dexterae |
dextra dextera | |
Genitive | dextrī dexterī |
dextrae dexterae |
dextrī dexterī |
dextrōrum dexterōrum |
dextrārum dexterārum |
dextrōrum dexterōrum | |
Dative | dextrō dexterō |
dextrō dexterō |
dextrīs dexterīs | ||||
Accusative | dextrum dexterum |
dextram dexteram |
dextrum dexterum |
dextrōs dexterōs |
dextrās dexterās |
dextra dextera | |
Ablative | dextrō dexterō |
dextrā dexterā |
dextrō dexterō |
dextrīs dexterīs | |||
Vocative | dexter | dextra dextera |
dextrum dexterum |
dextrī dexterī |
dextrae dexterae |
dextra dextera |
Derived terms
- dextere
- dextra, dextera
- dextrāle
- dextrē
- dexteritās
- dextrāle n, dextrāliolum n
- dextrōrsum, dextrōrsus, dextrōversum
- ambidexter
Descendants
- Asturian: diestru
- Catalan: destre
- Dalmatian: diastro
- English: dexter (borrowing)
- Esperanto: dekstra
- French: dêtre (dialectal, archaïc), destre (language of heraldry), dextre (borrowing or revival of the Middle French word)
- Friulian: diestri
- Galician: destro
- German: Dextrose
- Ido: dextra
- Interlingua: dextre
- Italian: destro
- Norman: dêtre, dêt'e
- Occitan: dèstre
- Old French: destre
- Portuguese: destro
- Romanian: dextru (borrowing), zestre
- Sicilian: destru
- Spanish: diestro, diestra
References
- “dexter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “dexter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dexter in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to give one's hand to some one: manum (dextram) alicui porrigere
- (ambiguous) to give one's right hand to some one: dextram alicui porrigere, dare
- (ambiguous) to shake hands with a person: dextram iungere cum aliquo, dextras inter se iungere
- (ambiguous) to give one's hand to some one: manum (dextram) alicui porrigere
Romanian
Adjective
dexter m or n (feminine singular dexteră, masculine plural dexteri, feminine and neuter plural dextere)
Declension
References
- dexter in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN