defective

From Middle English defectif, defective, from Old French defectif, from Late Latin dēfectīvus.[1]

• (UK) IPA^(key): /dɪˈfɛktɪv/

• Audio (US)

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• Rhymes: -ɛktɪv

defective (comparative more defective, superlative most defective)

1. Having one or more defects.

   Synonym: faulty

   Antonyms: complete, perfect

   • 2013 March, Morowitz, Harold J., “The Smallest Cell”, in American Scientist‎, volume 101, number 2, United States: Sigma Xi, ISSN 0003-0996, OCLC 645082957, page 83:

     It is likely that the long evolutionary trajectory of Mycoplasma went from a reductive autotroph to oxidative heterotroph to a cell-wall–defective degenerate parasite. This evolutionary trajectory assumes the simplicity to complexity route of biogenesis, a point of view that is not universally accepted.

2. (grammar, of a lexeme, especially a verb) Lacking some forms; e.g., having only one tense or being usable only in the third person.
3. (Arabic grammar, of a verb) Having a root whose final consonant is weak (ي, و, or ء).
4. (orthography, of a script) Not capable of representing all the phonemic distinctions of a language it is used to write.
5. (chiefly of abjad script) Spelled without matres lectionis, for example אמץ (ómets, “courage”) as opposed to the plene spelling אומץ where the letter vav ⟨ו⟩ indicates the vowel o.

   Antonym: plene

defective (not comparable)

1. (chiefly of abjad script) Without matres lectionis (letters indicating vowels) written out.

   Antonym: plene

   • 2013, Gregor Geiger, Plene Writing of the Qōṭēl Pattern in the Dead Sea Scrolls:

     For the sake of comparison, note the distribution of these spellings in some other Hebrew sources: in the MT the vowel o after the first consonant of the root is written defective in approximately 3,600 cases as against 850 cases of plene spelling.

defective (plural defectives)

1. A person or thing considered to be defective.
   • 2007 January 15, Bernard E. Harcourt, “The Mentally Ill, Behind Bars”, in New York Times‎:

     There were many more kinds of mental institutions at mid-century, ones for "mental defectives and epileptics" and the mentally retarded, psychiatric wards in veterans hospitals, as well as "psychopathic" and private mental hospitals.

2. (chiefly of abjad script) A word written without matres lectionis (letters indicating vowels).

   Antonym: plene

   • 2011, Christian D. Ginsburg, Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah's Introduction to the Rabbinic Bible: Hebrew and English with Explanatory Notes:

     Thus, in the Pentateuch and in the earlier prophets the plenes are counted, whilst in the later prophets the defectives are enumerated.

defective (comparative plus defective, superlative le plus defective)

1. defective (having defects)

dēfective

1. vocative masculine singular of dēfectivus