criembre
Old French
Etymology
From Classical Latin tremere, present active infinitive of tremō, altered into a Gallo-Romance form *cremere, with the initial c- under the influence of the Celtic root *krit- (Breton kridien)[1].
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem criem distinct from the unstressed stem crem, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of criembre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | criembre | avoir crient, crent, cremu | |||||
| gerund | en cremant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | cremant | ||||||
| past participle | crient, crent, cremu | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | criem | criens | crient | cremons | cremez | criement |
| imperfect | cremoie, cremeie | cremoies, cremeies | cremoit, cremeit | cremiiens, cremiens | cremiiez, cremiez | cremoient, cremeient | |
| preterite | criens, crens, cremi, cremui | criensis, crensis, cremis, cremus | crienst, crenst, cremi, cremu | criensimes, crensimes, cremimes, cremumes | criensistes, crensistes, cremistes, cremustes | crienstrent, crenstrent, cremirent, cremurent | |
| future | criendrai | criendras | criendra | criendrons | criendroiz, criendreiz, criendrez | criendront | |
| conditional | criendroie, criendreie | criendroies, criendreies | criendroit, criendreit | criendriiens, criendriens | criendriiez, criendriez | criendroient, criendreient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | crieme, crienge | criemes, crienges | crieme, crienge | cremons, criengiens, crienjons | cremez, criengiez | criement, criengent |
| imperfect | criensisse, crensisse, cremisse, cremusse | criensisses, crensisses, cremisses, cremusses | criensist, crensist, cremist, cremust | criensissons, criensissiens, crensissons, crensissiens, cremissons, cremissiens, cremussons, cremussiens | criensissoiz, criensissez, criensissiez, crensissoiz, crensissez, crensissiez, cremissoiz, cremissez, cremissiez, cremussoiz, cremussez, cremussiez | criensissent, crensissent, cremissent, cremussent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | criem | — | cremons | cremez | — | ||
Descendants
- French: craindre
References
- Etymology and history of “criembre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
- “Appendix E: Irregular Verbs” in E. Einhorn (1974), Old French: A Concise Handbook, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 152
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.