cracher
French
Etymology
From Old French crachier (“to eject from the mouth”), from Vulgar Latin *craccare, of imitative origin, possibly via Germanic; compare Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to spit, retch, vomit”) and *krakōną (“to make a cracking sound”). See also Old English hrǣcan (“to retch, cough up, spit”), Old Norse hrǣkja (“to hawk, spit”), Old High German hrahho (“throat, gorge”), Lithuanian kregeti (“dry heave, grunt”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kʁa.ʃe/
audio (file) - Homophone: crasher
Conjugation
Conjugation of cracher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | cracher | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | crachant /kʁa.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | craché /kʁa.ʃe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | crache /kʁaʃ/ |
craches /kʁaʃ/ |
crache /kʁaʃ/ |
crachons /kʁa.ʃɔ̃/ |
crachez /kʁa.ʃe/ |
crachent /kʁaʃ/ |
| imperfect | crachais /kʁa.ʃɛ/ |
crachais /kʁa.ʃɛ/ |
crachait /kʁa.ʃɛ/ |
crachions /kʁa.ʃjɔ̃/ |
crachiez /kʁa.ʃje/ |
crachaient /kʁa.ʃɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | crachai /kʁa.ʃe/ |
crachas /kʁa.ʃa/ |
cracha /kʁa.ʃa/ |
crachâmes /kʁa.ʃam/ |
crachâtes /kʁa.ʃat/ |
crachèrent /kʁa.ʃɛʁ/ | |
| future | cracherai /kʁaʃ.ʁe/ |
cracheras /kʁaʃ.ʁa/ |
crachera /kʁaʃ.ʁa/ |
cracherons /kʁaʃ.ʁɔ̃/ |
cracherez /kʁaʃ.ʁe/ |
cracheront /kʁaʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | cracherais /kʁaʃ.ʁɛ/ |
cracherais /kʁaʃ.ʁɛ/ |
cracherait /kʁaʃ.ʁɛ/ |
cracherions /kʁa.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cracheriez /kʁa.ʃə.ʁje/ |
cracheraient /kʁaʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | crache /kʁaʃ/ |
craches /kʁaʃ/ |
crache /kʁaʃ/ |
crachions /kʁa.ʃjɔ̃/ |
crachiez /kʁa.ʃje/ |
crachent /kʁaʃ/ |
| imperfect2 | crachasse /kʁa.ʃas/ |
crachasses /kʁa.ʃas/ |
crachât /kʁa.ʃa/ |
crachassions /kʁa.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ |
crachassiez /kʁa.ʃa.sje/ |
crachassent /kʁa.ʃas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | crache /kʁaʃ/ |
— | crachons /kʁa.ʃɔ̃/ |
crachez /kʁa.ʃe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “cracher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
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