clairsemer
French
Etymology
Formed from the adjective clairsemé (“sparse”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /klɛʁ.sə.me/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il clairsème rather than *il clairseme. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of clairsemer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | clairsemer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | clairsemant /klɛʁ.sə.mɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | clairsemé /klɛʁ.sə.me/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | clairsème /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
clairsèmes /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
clairsème /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
clairsemons /klɛʁ.sə.mɔ̃/ |
clairsemez /klɛʁ.sə.me/ |
clairsèment /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
| imperfect | clairsemais /klɛʁ.sə.mɛ/ |
clairsemais /klɛʁ.sə.mɛ/ |
clairsemait /klɛʁ.sə.mɛ/ |
clairsemions /klɛʁ.sə.mjɔ̃/ |
clairsemiez /klɛʁ.sə.mje/ |
clairsemaient /klɛʁ.sə.mɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | clairsemai /klɛʁ.sə.me/ |
clairsemas /klɛʁ.sə.ma/ |
clairsema /klɛʁ.sə.ma/ |
clairsemâmes /klɛʁ.sə.mam/ |
clairsemâtes /klɛʁ.sə.mat/ |
clairsemèrent /klɛʁ.sə.mɛʁ/ | |
| future | clairsèmerai /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁe/ |
clairsèmeras /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁa/ |
clairsèmera /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁa/ |
clairsèmerons /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁɔ̃/ |
clairsèmerez /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁe/ |
clairsèmeront /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | clairsèmerais /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁɛ/ |
clairsèmerais /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁɛ/ |
clairsèmerait /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁɛ/ |
clairsèmerions /klɛʁ.sɛ.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /klɛʁ.se.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
clairsèmeriez /klɛʁ.sɛ.mə.ʁje/ or /klɛʁ.se.mə.ʁje/ |
clairsèmeraient /klɛʁ.sɛm.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | clairsème /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
clairsèmes /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
clairsème /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
clairsemions /klɛʁ.sə.mjɔ̃/ |
clairsemiez /klɛʁ.sə.mje/ |
clairsèment /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
| imperfect2 | clairsemasse /klɛʁ.sə.mas/ |
clairsemasses /klɛʁ.sə.mas/ |
clairsemât /klɛʁ.sə.ma/ |
clairsemassions /klɛʁ.sə.ma.sjɔ̃/ |
clairsemassiez /klɛʁ.sə.ma.sje/ |
clairsemassent /klɛʁ.sə.mas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | clairsème /klɛʁ.sɛm/ |
— | clairsemons /klɛʁ.sə.mɔ̃/ |
clairsemez /klɛʁ.sə.me/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
“clairsemer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.