cervus
See also: Cervus
Latin
cervī (stags)
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *kerwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂wós, from *ḱerh₂- (“horn”) (whence English horn, hirn, Latin cornū (“horn”)) + *-wós (whence Latin -vus).
Cognate with Welsh carw (“deer”), Greek κεραός (keraós, “horned”). The first-syllable e was likely taken from the PIE root noun *ḱerh₂s (“horn”) (itself eventually lost in Latin), while the shift in meaning from 'horned' to 'deer' may be common Italo-Celtic.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈker.u̯us/, [ˈkɛru̯ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃer.vus/, [ˈt͡ʃɛrvus]
Noun
cervus m (genitive cervī); second declension
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | cervus | cervī |
| Genitive | cervī | cervōrum |
| Dative | cervō | cervīs |
| Accusative | cervum | cervōs |
| Ablative | cervō | cervīs |
| Vocative | cerve | cervī |
Descendants
- Aragonese: ciervo
- Aromanian: tserbu
- Asturian: ciervu
- Catalan: cervo ⇒ cérvol
- Corsican: cervu
- Esperanto: cervo
- French: cerf
- Friulian: cierf
- Galician: cervo
- Italian: cervo
- Ladin: cerf
- Lombard: cèrf
- Occitan: cèrvi
- Picard: cherfe
- Portuguese: cervo
- Romanian: cerb
- Romansch: tschierv
- Sardinian: cherbu, chervu, cerbu
- Sicilian: cervu
- Spanish: ciervo
- Tourangeau: çarh
- Venetian: cervo
- Walloon: cier
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Further reading
- “cervus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cervus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- cervus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- cervus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
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