caled

From Proto-Celtic *kaletos (compare Breton calet, Middle Irish calath, calad), from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”).

• (North Wales) (standard) (colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈkalɛd/
  • (North Wales) (colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈkalad/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkaːlɛd/, /ˈkalɛd/

caled (feminine singular caled, plural caled, equative caleted, comparative caletach, superlative caletaf)

1. hard
2. 1. rough, cruel, unfeeling, sore, severe (especially of weather, season, etc.), hard to bear
   2. strict, strait
   3. stingy, niggardly, illiberal, thrifty; obstinate
   4. abstruse, difficult, hard (to understand, explain, perform, etc.)

      Mae'r gwaith yn galed iawn ― The work is very hard

   5. hardy, tough
   6. (of water) hard
   7. (phonology, of a consonant) hard, voiceless

• (difficult): anodd

caled m (plural caledion or celyd)

1. battle, hard struggle, distress; hard object
2. miser, niggard

• caledu (“to harden, become hardened, dry, grow unfeeling or stubborn, render hard or obdurate; to pronounce as voiceless; to grow stingy or niggardly; to become costive or constipated, constipate; to temper”)

• Angharad Fychan and Ann Parry Owen, editors (2014), “caled”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies