acrus

Latin

Reassignment of Classical Latin ācer from the third declension to the first/second.

ācrus (feminine ācra, neuter ācrum); first/second-declension adjective

(Late Latin, proscribed) sour, bitter
- 3rd–4th century C.E., Appendix Probi:
  acre non acrum
  [Say or write] acre, not acrum.

Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: acru
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: agro
- Sicilian: àjiru
Padanian:
- Lombard: agher, agar
- Piedmontese: àire
- Venetian: agro
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: égro, éro
- Old French: aire, egre, aigre (see there for further descendants)
- Poitevin-Saintongeais: âre
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: agro
- Catalan: agre
- Occitan: agre
- → Old Portuguese:
  - Galician: agre
  - Portuguese: agre
- → Old Spanish: agre
Ibero-Romance:
- Old Spanish: agro
  - Spanish: agrio (influenced by agriar)
- Portuguese: agro
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: acru (Nuorese), agru

Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “acer”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 94

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