Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-de

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

*-da
*-ta
*-te

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *-da (“locative and dative suffix”), Proto-Tungusic *-da (“locative and dative suffix”).

Suffix

*-de

Used to form locative and ablative of nouns.
‎*eb (“house”) + ‎*-de → ‎*ebte (“in the house/at home”)

Derived terms

*-de-n

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: -те (-te), -ре (-re)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: -də (“locative and ablative suffix”)
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (-de)
  - Azerbaijani: -də -tə
  - Ottoman Turkish: ـده‎ (-de)
    - Turkish: -de -te
    - Gagauz: -de
- Turkmen: -de
- Salar: -de
Karluk:
- Karakhanid:
  - Chagatai:
    - Uzbek: -da
    - Uyghur: [script needed] (-de)
Kipchak:
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: -дө (-dö), -де (-de), -тө (-tö), -те (-te)
  - Southern Altai: -де (-de)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: дә (dä), тә (tä)
  - Tatar: дә (dä), тә (tä)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: -де (-de), -те (-te)
  - Karakalpak: -de, -te
  - Nogai: -де (-de)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: -de
  - Kumyk: -де (-de)
  - Karachay-Balkar: -де (-de)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰀-‎ (-te, “locative and ablative suffix”)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: -тэ (-te), -тө (-tö), -нэ (-ne), -нө (-nö) (only in pronouns)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: -де (-de), -те (-te)

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