< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ortь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to stir, rise”)[1] + *-tь. Compare Latvian errueties (“get angry”).
Other Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔρις (éris, “quarrel”), ἐρίζω (erízō, “to challenge, to dispute”) and Sanskrit ऋति (ṛti, “attack”).
Declension
Declension of *ȏrtь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ȏrtь | *ȏrti | *ȏrti |
| Accusative | *ȏrtь | *ȏrti | *ȏrti |
| Genitive | *ortí | *ortьjù, *orťu* | *ortь̀jь |
| Locative | *ortí | *ortьjù, *orťu* | *ȏrtьxъ |
| Dative | *ȏrti | *ortьmà | *ȏrtьmъ |
| Instrumental | *ortьjǫ́ | *ortьmà | *ortьmì |
| Vocative | *orti | *ȏrti | *ȏrti |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *ortiti (“to battle”)
- *ortišče (“spear, skewer”)
- *ortovati (“to fight, to stand for”)
- *ortьnъ (“combatant”)
- *ortьnikъ (“warrior”)
Related terms
- *ernь (“malice”)
- *ertь (“contest”)
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*ortь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 214
- Račeva M., Todorov T., editor (2002), “рат”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 189
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “Proto-Slavic/ortь”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ortь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 376: “f. i ‘war, battle’”
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