< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/metъla

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions
  • *metla (per Vaillant)
  • *metьla (per Bernecker, Vasmer, Georgiev, Mladenov)

Etymology

From *mesti (“to throw, to toss away”) +‎ *-ъla.

Reconstructed with -ъl- on basis of Polish miotełka (diminutive), as per Skok, Sławski. Alternatively, with suffix -ьl- on basis of Russian метёлка (metjólka) (diminutive). Trubachev tends towards -ъl- based on the possible borrowings Romanian mătură (“broom”), Aromanian meturã (“broom”), Albanian netullë (“broom”).

Noun

*metъlà f[1]

  1. broom, besom
  2. grass plant used for making brooms

Alternative forms
  • *metъlo n

Inflection
Declension of *metъla (hard a-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *metъla *metъlě *metъly
Accusative *metъlǫ *metъlě *metъly
Genitive *metъly *metъlu *metъlъ
Locative *metъlě *metъlu *metъlasъ, *metъlaxъ*
Dative *metъlě *metъlama *metъlamъ
Instrumental *metъlojǫ, *metъlǫ** *metъlama *metъlami
Vocative *metъlo *metъlě *metъly
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *metъlъka (diminutive)
  • *metъlica, *metъličina (“windgrass (Apera)”)
  • *metъlikъ, *metъliga (“meadow-grass (Роа)”)
  • *metъlařь (“broom-maker”)
  • *mesti (“to throw”)
  • *metati (“to toss, to throw”)
  • *motati (“to reel”)
  • *metъka (“sweeper”)
  • *metyľь (“parasite affecting the guts”) (possibly)
  • *motyľь (“moth”) (possibly)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: метла (metla)[2]
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: metla
    • Polabian: metlă
    • Polish: miotła; miotło n (dialectal)
    • Slovincian: mjotła
    • Slovak: metla
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: mjetla (“wand”) (with -l- spread from mjetlica), mjetło n
      • Lower Sorbian: mjetła

Further reading

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016), “metla”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *metъla̋”
  2. Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902), “метла”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 130
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