< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borzda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

The Slavic term is comparable with Lithuanian bir̃žė (“furrow”)[1], biržis and Latvian bìrze (“furrow”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, the etymon exhibit semantic parallels with Sanskrit भृष्टि (bhṛṣṭi, “point, top”) and Proto-Germanic *brazdaz (“edge, brim”)[2]. These parallels point towards an ultimate origin from Proto-Indo-European *bʰers- (“to point, to mark”). More precisely, the Slavic etymon could be derived from *bʰers- + *-dʰeh₂. This reconstruction, however, can only account for the Slavic lemma. The Baltic data descends from another suffix[3].

The above derivation finds parallels in Proto-Slavic *bьrdo (“weaving comb, reed”) and Proto-Slavic *bordy (“axe”), which perhaps were derived in a similar manner from *bʰerHdʰ-, ultimately from *bʰerh₃- (“to strike, to pierce”) + *-dʰ- (“resultative marker”).

Noun

*bōrzdà f[4][5]

  1. furrow

Inflection
Declension of *bōrzdà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *bōrzdà *bõrzdě *bōrzdỳ
Accusative *bōrzdǫ̀ *bõrzdě *bōrzdỳ
Genitive *bōrzdỳ *bōrzdù *bõrzdъ
Locative *bōrzdě̀ *bōrzdù *bōrzdàsъ, *bōrzdàxъ*
Dative *bōrzdě̀ *bōrzdàma *bōrzdàmъ
Instrumental *bōrzdòjǫ, *bõrzdǫ** *bōrzdàma *bōrzdàmī
Vocative *borzdo *bõrzdě *bōrzdỳ
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Further reading

References
  1. “biržė”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 74
  3. Derksen, Rick (2015), “biržė”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 91
  4. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*borzdà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 59: “f. ā (b) ‘furrow’”
  5. Olander, Thomas (2001), “borzda”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b fure (PR 135)”
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