Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/isti

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Verb

*isti

third-person singular present active indicative of *wesaną

Descendants

Old English: is
- Middle English: is
  - English: is
  - Scots: is
Old Frisian: is
- North Frisian: as
- Saterland Frisian: is
- West Frisian: is
Old Saxon: ist, ist
- Middle Low German: is
  - Dutch Low Saxon: is
  - German Low German: is, es, ös
  - Plautdietsch: es
Old Dutch: ist
- Dutch: is
  - Afrikaans: is
- Limburgish: is
Old High German: ist
- Alemannic German: isch
- Cimbrian: ist, iz
- Central Franconian: es
  Hunsrik: is
- German: ist
- Luxembourgish: ass
- Pennsylvania German: iss
- Yiddish: איז‎ (iz)
Old Norse: es (early), er (-s replaced with -r by analogy to plural forms) (see there for further descendants)
Gothic: 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist)

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