Hinghwa

• Henghua, Hinghua, Hing Hua, Heng Hua

From either or both Puxian 興化 (Hing-hua̍) or Hokkien 興化 (Heng-hòa). Doublet of Xinghua.

Hinghwa

1. (historical) A prefecture in eastern Fujian province of imperial China, corresponding to the modern-day prefecture-level city of Putian.
   • [2004, Clark, Hugh R., “Reinventing the Genealogy: Innovation in Kinship Practice in the Tenth to Eleventh Centuries”, in Thomas H. C. Lee, editor, The New and the Multiple: Sung Senses of the Past‎, Chinese University Press, →ISBN, OCLC 1014774002, OL 9161571M, page 248:

     Until the early Sung, P'u-t'ien was part of Ch'üan-chou prefecture; in 983 a new prefecture, Hsing-hua Commandery (Hsing-hua chün), was established with P'u-t'ien as the prefectural capital.]

   • 2017, Wu Xiaoxin, Christianity in China, →ISBN:

     Grace McClurg Carson taught at the Methodist mission in Hinghwa from 1910 to 1926.

2. Puxian Min (a family of Min Chinese dialects spoken in and around Putian, Fujian, China)
   • 1924, Annual Report of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church for the Year 1923‎, OCLC 6187806, page 66:

     HANKONG DISTRICT
     Area: Includes the market towns of Gangkau and Hankong, and surrounding villages.
     Location: On the coast plain east of Hinghwa City. Two-third of the district is mountainous.
     Population: 350,000. Methodist responsibility, 250,000. Hinghwa is spoken.

   • 1938, Frank T. Cartwright, Tuan Hoover of Borneo‎, Abingdon Press, OCLC 381324, page 105:

     Meantime the homekeeping wife-schoolteacher was learning the difference between the seven-toned Foochow dialect, the more nasal Hinghwa, and the still more intricate Hokkien.

   • 1944, Arthur J. Moore, Christ After Chaos‎, New York: Board of Missions and Church Extension The Methodist Church, OCLC 642327, page 30:

     Hinghwa Conference is also in Fukien province, among persons using the Hinghwa dialect, centering largely in the cities of Hinghwa and Sienyu.

   • 1947, Richard Terrill Baker, Ten Thousand Years‎, New York: Board of Missions and Church Extension The Methodist Church, OCLC 123155509, page 69:

     Moving down the coast to the southeast, the Methodists, as early as 1864, penetrated the Hinghwa-speaking area of Fukien’s coastal plain.

   • 1948, Walter N. Lacy, A Hundred Years of China Methodism‎, Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, OCLC 251163056, page 186:

     In Foochow one of the presses and a font of Romanized type were transferred to Hinghwa, “for greater convenience in publishing literature in the Hinghwa dialect, as no one trained to read that proof could be found in Foochow,” and the day of special delivery and airmail had not yet arrived.

   • 1954, Leslie T. Lyall, A Biography of John Sung‎, Armour Publishing Pte Ltd, published 2004, →ISBN, OCLC 56816804, page 155:

     Dr. Sung at first spoke poor Mandarin and his enunciation even of his own Hinghwa dialect was not very clear.

   • 1957, Lands of Witness and Decision‎, New York City: Board of Missions of The Methodist Church, LCCN 57-12028, OCLC 781979, page 53:

     The Methodist Church has established two clinics: one down the river at a Hinghwa-speaking settlement, Sungei Teku ; and the other at Nanga Mujong up the river in the Kapit District where most of the Iban Methodist Christians live.

   • 1971, Paul Sing-Hoh Hang, My Christian Testimony‎, OCLC 32867793, page 17:

     Since 1948, his wife, Mrs. Kao Tai Ching-Ying, was keenly interested in the Hinghwa-speaking M.Y.F. and was instrumental in forming the local M.Y.F. in 1950.

• Xinghua