후퇴하다
Korean
Etymology
후퇴(後退) (hutoe) + 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈɸʷu(ː)tʰwe̞ɦa̠da̠] ~ [ˈɸʷu(ː)tʰø̞ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [후(ː)퉤하다/후(ː)퇴하다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, the great majority of speakers (in both Koreas) no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | hutoehada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | hutoehada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | hut'oehada |
| Yale Romanization? | hwūthoyhata |
Verb
후퇴하다 • (hutoehada) (infinitive 후퇴해 or 후퇴하여, sequential 후퇴하니)
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 후퇴하다 (hutoehada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 후퇴한다 hutoehanda |
후퇴해 hutoehae |
후퇴해요 hutoehaeyo |
후퇴합니다 hutoehamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 후퇴했다 hutoehaetda |
후퇴했어 hutoehaesseo |
후퇴했어요 hutoehaesseoyo |
후퇴했습니다 hutoehaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 후퇴하느냐 hutoehaneunya |
후퇴해 hutoehae |
후퇴해요 hutoehaeyo |
후퇴합니까 hutoehamnikka |
| Past | 후퇴했느냐 hutoehaenneunya |
후퇴했어 hutoehaesseo |
후퇴했어요 hutoehaesseoyo |
후퇴했습니까 hutoehaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 후퇴하자 hutoehaja | 후퇴해 hutoehae | 후퇴해요 hutoehaeyo | 후퇴합시다 hutoehapsida | |
| Imperative | 후퇴해라, 후퇴하여라 hutoehaera, hutoehayeora | 후퇴해 hutoehae | 후퇴해요 hutoehaeyo | 후퇴합시오 hutoehapsio | |
| Assertive | 후퇴하겠다 hutoehagetda | 후퇴하겠어 hutoehagesseo | 후퇴하겠어요 hutoehagesseoyo | 후퇴하겠습니다 hutoehagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 후퇴해 hutoehae | 후퇴해서, 후퇴하여서 hutoehaeseo, hutoehayeoseo | 후퇴하니 hutoehani | 후퇴하니까 hutoehanikka | |
| Contrast | 후퇴하지만 hutoehajiman | 후퇴하는데 hutoehaneunde | 후퇴하더니 hutoehadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 후퇴하고 hutoehago | ||||
| Condition | 후퇴하면 hutoehamyeon | 후퇴해야, 후퇴하여야 hutoehaeya, hutoehayeoya | |||
| Motive | 후퇴하려고 hutoeharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 후퇴함 hutoeham | 후퇴하기 hutoehagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 후퇴했음, 후퇴하였음 hutoehaesseum, hutoehayeosseum | 후퇴했기, 후퇴하였기 hutoehaetgi, hutoehayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 후퇴한 hutoehan | |||
| Present | 후퇴하는 hutoehaneun | ||||
| Future | 후퇴할 hutoehal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 후퇴하신다 hutoehasinda |
후퇴하셔 hutoehasyeo |
후퇴하세요, 후퇴하셔요 hutoehaseyo, hutoehasyeoyo |
후퇴하십니다 hutoehasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 후퇴하셨다 hutoehasyeotda |
후퇴하셨어 hutoehasyeosseo |
후퇴하셨어요 hutoehasyeosseoyo |
후퇴하셨습니다 hutoehasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 후퇴하시느냐 hutoehasineunya |
후퇴하셔 hutoehasyeo |
후퇴하세요, 후퇴하셔요 hutoehaseyo, hutoehasyeoyo |
후퇴하십니까 hutoehasimnikka |
| Past | 후퇴하셨느냐 hutoehasyeonneunya |
후퇴하셨어 hutoehasyeosseo |
후퇴하셨어요 hutoehasyeosseoyo |
후퇴하셨습니까 hutoehasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 후퇴하시라 hutoehasira | 후퇴하셔 hutoehasyeo | 후퇴하세요 hutoehaseyo | 후퇴하십시오 hutoehasipsio | |
| Assertive | 후퇴하시겠다 hutoehasigetda | 후퇴하시겠어 hutoehasigesseo | 후퇴하시겠어요 hutoehasigesseoyo | 후퇴하시겠습니다 hutoehasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 후퇴하셔 hutoehasyeo | 후퇴하셔서 hutoehasyeoseo | 후퇴하시니 hutoehasini | 후퇴하시니까 hutoehasinikka | |
| Contrast | 후퇴하시지만 hutoehasijiman | 후퇴하시는데 hutoehasineunde | 후퇴하시더니 hutoehasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 후퇴하시고 hutoehasigo | ||||
| Condition | 후퇴하시면 hutoehasimyeon | 후퇴하셔야 hutoehasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 후퇴하시려고 hutoehasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 후퇴하심 hutoehasim | 후퇴하시기 hutoehasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 후퇴하셨음 hutoehasyeosseum | 후퇴하셨기 hutoehasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 후퇴하신 hutoehasin | |||
| Present | 후퇴하시는 hutoehasineun | ||||
| Future | 후퇴하실 hutoehasil | ||||
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