握

握	U+63E1, 握 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63E1

← 揠
[U+63E0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

揢 →
[U+63E2]

Translingual

Han character

握 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手尸一土 (QSMG), four-corner 5701₄, composition ⿰扌屋)

References

KangXi: page 443, character 7

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12366

Dae Jaweon: page 794, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1925, character 7

Unihan data for U+63E1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		握

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (屋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
握	*qroːɡ
幄	*qroːɡ
偓	*qroːɡ
渥	*qroːɡ
齷	*qroːɡ
楃	*qroːɡ
喔	*qroːɡ
腛	*qroːɡ
媉	*qroːɡ
屋	*qoːɡ
剭	*qoːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qroːɡ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 屋 (OC *qoːɡ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wò (wo⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄛˋ

(Chengdu, SP): o²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): ak¹, aak¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ak²
Gan (Wiktionary): ngoh⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vok

(Meixian, Guangdong): vog⁵
Jin (Wiktionary): vah⁴
Min Bei (KCR): ŏ̤
Min Dong (BUC): ók
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ak / ok

(Teochew, Peng'im): og⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): oq (T4)
Xiang (Wiktionary): ngo⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wò
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wò
  - Wade–Giles: wo⁴
  - Yale: wò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woh
  - Palladius: во (vo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: o²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: o
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /o²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ak¹, aak¹
  - Yale: āk, āak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ak⁷, aak⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: eg¹, ag¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐk̚⁵/, /aːk̚⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ak²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ak̚⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ngoh⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔʔ⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vok
  - Hakka Romanization System: vog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /vok̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: vog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /ʋɔk̚¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: vah⁴
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /vaʔ²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ŏ̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔ²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ók
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ouʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ak
  - Tâi-lô: ak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ag
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ak̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ak̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ok
  - Tâi-lô: ok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: og
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ɔk̚⁵/

Note:

ak - literary;
ok - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: og⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: oq (T4)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʊʔ⁵⁵/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ngo⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 握
Mandarin	Beijing	/uo⁵¹/
	Harbin	/uo⁵³/
	Tianjin	/uo⁵³/
	Jinan	/və²¹³/
	Qingdao	/və⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/uo²⁴/
	Xi'an	/nyo²¹/
	Xining	/u⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/və¹³/
	Lanzhou	/və¹³/
	Ürümqi	/vɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/uo²¹³/
	Chengdu	/o³¹/
	Guiyang	/o²¹/
	Kunming	/u³¹/
	Nanjing	/uʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/uɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/vaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/uʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/vaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/oʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/oʔ⁵/ 老 /o⁵⁵/ 新
	Hangzhou	/ʔoʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/v̠u²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/uʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/u⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ŋo²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/o²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/ŋɔʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/vok̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/ɐk̚⁵/ /ak̚⁵/
	Nanning	/ɐk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/ɐk̚⁵/ /ak̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ak̚³²/ /ɔk̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/ouʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ɔ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/ok̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ok̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʔˠʌk̚/

Rime
Character	握
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	江 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	於角切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/ʔɔk̚/
Wang Li	/ɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ok³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qroːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	握
Reading #	1/1
No.	13066
Phonetic component	屋
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	渥
Old Chinese	/*qroːɡ/

Definitions

握

to hold in the hand; to grip; to grasp
to control
Classifier for a handful of something.
Used in 握齪／握龊 (wòchuò).

Synonyms

(to hold in the hand): 捏 (niē)

Compounds

反握
吐握
在握 (zàiwò)
太阿在握
左券在握
把握 (bǎwò)
掌握 (zhǎngwò)
握力 (wòlì)
握手 (wòshǒu)
握手言和
握拳
握拳透掌
握拳透爪
握有
握管
握股公司
攀握

有把握 (yǒu bǎwò)
柔握
勝券在握／胜券在握
吐哺握髮／吐哺握发
大權在握／大权在握 (dàquánzàiwò)
懷瑾握瑜／怀瑾握瑜
懷鉛握槧／怀铅握椠
懷鉛握素／怀铅握素
拿雲握霧／拿云握雾
持籌握算／持筹握算
握別／握别
握圖臨宇／握图临宇
握手極歡／握手极欢
握手言歡／握手言欢
握槧懷鉛／握椠怀铅
握炭流湯／握炭流汤
握瑜懷玉／握瑜怀玉

握綱提領／握纲提领
握蛇騎虎／握蛇骑虎
握鉤伸鐵／握钩伸铁
握雨攜雲／握雨携云
握雲拿霧／握云拿雾
握雲攜雨／握云携雨
握霧拿雲／握雾拿云
握風捕影／握风捕影
握髮／握发
握髮吐哺／握发吐哺
握髮吐餐／握发吐餐
握齪／握龊 (wòchuò)
握齱／握𱌶
攜雲握雨／携云握雨
滿有把握／满有把握
緊握／紧握 (jǐnwò)
纖不盈握／纤不盈握

Japanese

Kanji

握

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

grip

Readings

Go-on: あく (aku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: あく (aku, Jōyō)
Kun: にぎる (nigiru, 握る, Jōyō); にぎり (nigiri, 握り)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
握
あく Grade: S
on’yomi

Sino-Japanese.

Affix

握(あく) • (aku)

grip; hold
握(あく)手(しゅ) ― akushu ― handshake

握(あく)力(りょく) ― akuryoku ― grip strength

把(は)握(あく) ― haaku ― control; grasp (understanding)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 握 (MC ʔˠʌk̚).

Hanja

Wikisource 握 (eumhun 쥘 악 (jwil ak))

Hanja form^? of 악 (“to grasp; to hold fast; to take by hand”).

Compounds

악수 (握手, aksu)
장악 (掌握, jang'ak)
파악 (把握, paak)
악력 (握力, angnyeok)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

握: Hán Việt readings: ác (乙(ất)角(giác)切(thiết))[1][2], ốc (乙(ất)角(giốc)切(thiết))[2][3]
握: Nôm readings: ác[1], át[2], ấc, ốt

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nguyễn (2014).
Trần (2004).
Génibrel (1898).

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[tdcndg-1] Nguyễn (2014).

[gdhn-2] Trần (2004).

[genibrel-3] Génibrel (1898).