勞動

See also: 労働 and 劳动

Chinese

		toil	to move; to change; to use to move; to change; to use; to act
trad. (勞動)		勞	動
simp. (劳动)		劳	动

Etymology

Attestable in pre-Qin texts in the sense, "to do (physical) exercise" and "physical work; toil", and in literary Chinese as an expression of politeness. For the modern sense of "labor", wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 勞 (ろう)働 (どう) (rōdō).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): láodòng

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁴ dung⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lò-thung
Min Dong (BUC): lò̤-dông
Min Nan (POJ): lô-tōng / lô͘-tǒng
Wu (Wiktionary): lau don (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: láodòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laudonq
  - IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lou⁴ dung⁶
  - Yale: lòuh duhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁴ dung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: lou⁴ dung⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /lou̯²¹ tʊŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lò-thung
  - Hakka Romanization System: loˇ tung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lo² tung⁴
  - IPA: /lo¹¹ tʰuŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lò̤-dông
  - IPA ^(key): /l̃o⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)louŋ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô-tōng
  - Tâi-lô: lô-tōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loi'dong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘-tǒng
  - Tâi-lô: lôo-tǒng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: lau don (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /lɔ²² d̻ʊŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

勞動

physical work; toil
熱愛勞動 / 热爱劳动 ― rè'ài láodòng ― to love physical work
labour (labor)

Verb

勞動

to do physical work; to toil
to perform labor (labour)
(archaic) to (physical) exercise

Derived terms

Derived terms from 勞動

具體勞動／具体劳动 (jùtǐ láodòng)
勞動人民／劳动人民 (láodòngrénmín)
勞動保護／劳动保护
勞動保險／劳动保险
勞動力／劳动力 (láodònglì)
勞動合同／劳动合同
勞動密集／劳动密集 (láodòng mìjí)
勞動密集型／劳动密集型 (láodòng mìjíxíng)
勞動對象／劳动对象 (láodòng duìxiàng)
勞動市場／劳动市场 (láodòng shìchǎng)
勞動布／劳动布
勞動強度／劳动强度
勞動改造／劳动改造 (láodòng gǎizào)
勞動教養／劳动教养 (láodòng jiàoyǎng)

勞動日／劳动日
勞動服／劳动服
勞動模範／劳动模范 (láodòng mófàn)
勞動權／劳动权
勞動法／劳动法
勞動爭議／劳动争议
勞動生產率／劳动生产率
勞動節／劳动节 (láodòngjié)
勞動組合／劳动组合 (láodòng zǔhé)
勞動者／劳动者 (láodòngzhě)
勞動階級／劳动阶级 (láodòng jiējí)
勞模／劳模 (láomó)
家務勞動／家务劳动 (jiāwù láodòng)
抽象勞動／抽象劳动 (chōuxiàng láodòng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (勞動):

→ Japanese: 労 (ろう)働 (どう) (rōdō)
→ Korean: 로동 (勞動, rodong); 노동 (勞動, nodong)
→ Vietnamese: lao động (勞動)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): láodong

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˊ ˙ㄉㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁴ dung⁶
Min Nan (POJ): lô-tōng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: láodong
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ ˙ㄉㄨㄥ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lau.dong
  - IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯³⁵ d̥ʊŋ³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: lou⁴ dung⁶
  - Yale: lòuh duhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁴ dung⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: lou⁴ dung⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /lou̯²¹ tʊŋ²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô-tōng
  - Tâi-lô: lô-tōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loi'dong
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ³³/

Verb

勞動

(polite, colloquial, dated) to bother or trouble someone; to politely request someone to do something

Japanese

Kanji in this term
勞	動
ろう Hyōgaiji	どう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Noun

勞動 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 労働, hiragana ろうどう, rōmaji rōdō)

Kyūjitai form of 労働: labour; labor

Verb

勞動する (hiragana ろうどうする, rōmaji rōdō suru)

Kyūjitai form of 労働: perform work, labor

Conjugation

Conjugation of "勞動する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	勞動し	ろうどうし	rōdō shi
Continuative (連用形)	勞動し	ろうどうし	rōdō shi
Terminal (終止形)	勞動する	ろうどうする	rōdō suru
Attributive (連体形)	勞動する	ろうどうする	rōdō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	勞動すれ	ろうどうすれ	rōdō sure
Imperative (命令形)	勞動せよ¹ 勞動しろ²	ろうどうせよ¹ ろうどうしろ²	rōdō seyo¹ rōdō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	勞動される	ろうどうされる	rōdō sareru
Causative	勞動させる勞動さす	ろうどうさせるろうどうさす	rōdō saseru rōdō sasu
Potential	勞動できる	ろうどうできる	rōdō dekiru
Volitional	勞動しよう	ろうどうしよう	rōdō shiyō
Negative	勞動しない	ろうどうしない	rōdō shinai
Negative continuative	勞動せず	ろうどうせず	rōdō sezu
Formal	勞動します	ろうどうします	rōdō shimasu
Perfective	勞動した	ろうどうした	rōdō shita
Conjunctive	勞動して	ろうどうして	rōdō shite
Hypothetical conditional	勞動すれば	ろうどうすれば	rōdō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
勞	動

Noun

勞動 • (rodong) (hangeul 로동)

Hanja form^? of 로동 (“labour ("North Korea")”).

Noun

勞動 • (nodong) (hangeul 노동)

Hanja form^? of 노동 (“labour ("South Korea")”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
勞	動

Noun

勞動

Hán tự form of lao động (“labour”).

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