冷える
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 冷 |
| ひ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
Verb
冷える (intransitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana ひえる, rōmaji hieru)
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 冷やす |
| mediopassive | 冷える |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "冷える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 冷え | ひえ | hie | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 冷え | ひえ | hie | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 冷える | ひえる | hieru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 冷える | ひえる | hieru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 冷えれ | ひえれ | hiere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 冷えよ¹ 冷えろ² |
ひえよ¹ ひえろ² |
hieyo¹ hiero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 冷えられる | ひえられる | hierareru | |
| Causative | 冷えさせる 冷えさす |
ひえさせる ひえさす |
hiesaseru hiesasu | |
| Potential | 冷えられる 冷えれる³ |
ひえられる ひえれる³ |
hierareru hiereru³ | |
| Volitional | 冷えよう | ひえよう | hieyō | |
| Negative | 冷えない 冷えぬ 冷えん |
ひえない ひえぬ ひえん |
hienai hienu hien | |
| Negative continuative | 冷えず | ひえず | hiezu | |
| Formal | 冷えます | ひえます | hiemasu | |
| Perfective | 冷えた | ひえた | hieta | |
| Conjunctive | 冷えて | ひえて | hiete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 冷えれば | ひえれば | hiereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Classical conjugation of "冷ゆ" (ヤ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 冷え | ひえ | fie |
| Continuative (連用形) | 冷え | ひえ | fie |
| Terminal (終止形) | 冷ゆ | ひゆ | fiyu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 冷ゆる | ひゆる | fiyuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 冷ゆれ | ひゆれ | fiyure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 冷えよ | ひえよ | fieyo |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 冷えず | ひえず | fiezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 冷ゆれど | ひゆれど | fiyuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 冷ゆれば | ひゆれば | fiyureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 冷えば | ひえば | fieba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 冷えき | ひえき | fieki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 冷えけり | ひえけり | fiekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 冷えつ | ひえつ | fietu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 冷えぬ | ひえぬ | fienu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 冷えたり | ひえたり | fietari |
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