زند

From Middle Persian [script needed] (zng /zang/, “ankle, shank”).

زَنْد • (zand) m (plural زِنَاد‎ (zinād) or أَزْنُد‎ (ʾaznud) or أَزْنَاد‎ (ʾaznād)) (countable)

1. a combustible typically wooden rod for making fire through friction (as in drilling)

   ‏قَدَحَ بِزَنْدٍ نَارًا فِي اللَّيْلِ‎ ― qadaḥa bizandin nāran fī l-layli ― He kindled with a rod a fire in the night.

   Synonyms: مِقْدَاح‎ (miqdāḥ), زِنَاد‎ (zinād)

   • (Can we date this quote?) السيرة النبوية لابن هشام [Ibn Hišām's Chronicle of the Life of the Prophet]:

     ‏وَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِكِنَانَةَ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ، وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ كَنْزُ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْهُ. فَجَحَدَ أَنْ يَكُونَ يَعْرِفُ مَكَانَهُ ، فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - رَجُلٌ مِنْ يَهُودَ ، فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : إنِّي رَأَيْتُ كِنَانَةَ يُطِيفُ بِهَذِهِ الْخَرِبَةِ كُلَّ غَدَاةٍ ؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لِكِنَانَةَ : أَرَأَيْتُ إنْ وَجَدْنَاهُ عِنْدَكَ ، أَأَقْتُلُكَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ .
     فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِالْخَرِبَةِ فَحُفِرَتْ ، فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا بَعْضَ كَنْزِهِمْ ، ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ عَمَّا بَقِيَ ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَهُ ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ ، فَقَالَ : عَذِّبْهُ حَتَّى تَسْتَأْصِلَ مَا عِنْدَهُ فَكَانَ الزُّبَيْرُ يَقْدَحُ بِزَنْدٍ فِي صَدْرِهِ ، حَتَّى أَشْرَفَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ، ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ ، فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ بِأَخِيهِ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ .‎‎

     waʾutiya rasūlu l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - bikinānata bni r-rabīʿi, wakāna ʿindahu kanzu banī n-naḍīri, fasaʾalahu ʿanhu. fajaḥada ʾan yakūna yaʿrifu makānahu , faʾatā rasūla l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - rajulun min yahūda , faqāla lirasūli l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - : ʾinnī raʾaytu kinānata yuṭīfu bihaḏihi l-ḵaribati kulla ḡadātin ; faqāla rasūlu l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - likinānata : ʾaraʾaytu ʾin wajadnāhu ʿindaka , ʾaʾaqtuluka ? qāla : naʿam .
     faʾamara rasūlu l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - bi-l-ḵaribati faḥufirat , faʾaḵraja minhā baʿḍa kanzihim , ṯumma saʾalahu ʿammā baqiya , faʾabā ʾan yuʾaddiyahu , faʾamara bihi rasūlu l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - az-zubayra bna l-ʿawwāmi , faqāla : ʿaḏḏibhu ḥattā tastaʾṣila mā ʿindahu fakāna z-zubayru yaqdaḥu bizandin fī ṣadrihi , ḥattā ʾašrafa ʿalā nafsihi , ṯumma dafaʿahu rasūlu l-lahi - ṣallā l-lahu ʿalayhi wasallama - ʾilā muḥammadi bni maslamata , faḍaraba ʿunuqahu biʾaḵīhi maḥmūdi bni maslamata .

     Then the Prophet of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—brought Kinānah ibn al-Rabīʿ, who had the treasures of Banū al-Naḍīr, and he [the Prophet] asked him about it. Yet he [Kinānah] denied that he knew where it was. Then a man from the Jews came to the Prophet—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—and he [the man] said to him, "I saw Kinānah ambling around some ruins every dayspring. Thus, the Prophet of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—said to Kinānah, "What would you say if we did find it with you? Should I then kill you?" So he [Kinānah] said, "Yes!"
     Thus, the Prophet of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—ordered that the ruins be dug, and brought out some of their treasures. Then he [the Prophet] asked him [Kinānah] about the remainder, yet he [Kinānah] refused to hand it over. Thereafter, the Prophet of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—called al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām and said to him, "Torture him till you get it out of him!" And so al-Zubayr would sear and brand him with a [fiery] rod in his chest until he was about to kill him. Then the Prophet of Allah—may Allah bless him and grant him peace—passed him [Kinānah] to Muḥammad ibn Maslamah, and he [Muḥammad ibn Maslamah] struck his neck, avenging his brother, Maḥmūd ibn Maslamah.
     

   1. the trigger of a gun with which it is fired

      ‏دَاسَ عَلَى ٱلزَّنْدِ فَقَتَلَهُمَا‎ ― dāsa ʿalā z-zandi faqatalahumā ― He squeezed the trigger and killed them both.

      ‏دَقَّ ٱلزَّنْدَ وَأَطْلَقَ النَّار.‎‎ ― daqqa z-zanda waʾaṭlaqa n-nār. ― He pulled the trigger and discharged the gun.

2. (anatomy, of primates, obsolete) either of the two bones of the forearm, the ulna or the radius

   Synonym: زَانِد‎ (zānid)

3. (anatomy, of primates, modern) the comparatively longer and thinner long bone of the two bones in the forearm that is connected with the carpus at the wrist joint and with the humerus at the elbow joint, the ulna

   Coordinate term: كُعْبُرَة‎ (kuʿbura, “the comparatively thicker long bone in the forearm that articulates with the scaphoid in the carpus, the radius”)

• زَنْد‎ (zand) is a singular noun, while زِنَاد‎ (zinād) is either the plural of زَنْد‎ (zand) (on the pattern of such plurals as حِبَال‎ (ḥibāl, “ropes”)) or a singular with the plural أَزْنِدَة‎ (ʾaznida) (similarly to the pluralization of such singulars as وِعَاء‎ (wiʿāʾ, “a container; a vessel”)). Either may be employed to mean "a fire-making rod" or, by extension, "a trigger", though زِنَاد‎ (zinād) is far more common in the latter sense.
• The ulna and radius are often not lexically distinguished in medieval texts. The Modern Arabic scientific vocabulary, however, reserves زَنْد‎ (zand) for the thinner bone (the ulna).

Reborrowed from Arabic زَنْد‎ (zand), from Middle Persian [script needed] (zng /zang/, “ankle, shank”). Cognate with English shank.

زند • (zand)

1. forearm bone

Inherited from Middle Persian znd (zand, “understanding, explanation, commentary”), from Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬙𐬌‎ (zainti, “understanding”), from Avestan verbal root Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬥-‎ (zan-, “to know, to understand”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃-ti-. Cognate with Ancient Greek γνῶσις (gnôsis).

زند • (zand)

1. exegesis, interpretation

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “zang”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864), “زند”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum (in Latin), volume II, Bonn: Adolf Marcus, page 150

From Arabic زَنْد‎ (zand).

• IPA^(key): /zind/, [zɪnd]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

زند • (zind) m

1. wrist
2. forearm