Chronophilia

A chronophilia is any type of an age-based sexual attraction pattern. Atypical forms of chonophilias related to minors are nepiophilia (attraction towards infants), pedophilia (towards young children), hebephilia (early teenagers) and ephebophilia (late teenagers). Atypical chronophilias related to adults are mesophilia and gerontophilia. The only typical form of a chronophilia is teleiophilia (attraction towards adults).[1][2]

Ill-Matched Couple: Young Man and Old Woman by Lucas Cranach the Elder, c. 1520.

Michael Seto, a researcher from the field of chronophilia and sexual offending against children, believes certain chronophilias arise from errors in age detection.[1]

Etymology

The term chronophilia (chrono (time) + philia (love)) was coined by psychologist and sexologist John Money to describe a form of paraphilia in which an individual experiences sexual attraction limited to individuals of particular age ranges.[3][4] The term has not been widely adopted by sexologists, who instead use terms that refer to the specific age range in question. An arguable historical precursor was Richard von Krafft-Ebing's concept of "age fetishism".[5]

Research

Most chronophilias are scarcely researched, especially mesophilia and gerontophilia. The existing body of research on the topic is mainly focused on men.[1]

Chronophilias related to sexual attractions to minors (such as pedophilia and hebephilia), however, have a significantly bigger body of modern scientific research compared to the others.[1]

Sexual preferences based on age
  • Sexual fixation on minors
    • Pedohebephilia refers to an expansion and reclassification of pedophilia and hebephilia with subgroups, proposed during the development of the DSM-5.[6] It refers more broadly to sexual fixations. Under the proposed revisions, people who are dysfunctional as a result of it would be diagnosed with pedohebephilic disorder. People would be broken down into types based on the idea of being fixated on one, the other or both of the subgroups. The proposed revision was not ratified for inclusion in the final published version of DSM-5.
      • Infantophilia (sometimes called nepiophilia) is a subtype of pedophilia describing a sexual fixation on children less than 5 years old (including toddlers and infants).[7]
      • Pedophilia is a psychological disorder in which an adult or older adolescent experiences a sexual fixation on prepubescent youth.[8][9] According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), pedophilia is a paraphilia in which a person has intense sexual urges towards children, and experiences recurrent sexual urges towards and fantasies about children. Pedophilic disorder is further defined as psychological disorder in which a person meets the criteria for pedophilia above, and also either acts upon those urges, or else experiences distress or interpersonal difficulty as a consequence.[10][11] The diagnosis can be made under the DSM or ICD criteria for persons age 16 and older.[12][13]
    • Fixation on adolescents
      • Hebephilia and ephebophilia are sexual fixations on pubescent and post-pubescent youths, respectively.[14] The term hebephilia was introduced by Bernard Glueck in 1955.[15]
  • Attraction to adults
    • Teleiophilia (from Greek téleios, "full grown") is a sexual preference for younger adults (20s and 30s).[16] The term was coined by Ray Blanchard in 2000 and has seen less public adoption than some newer terms.[17]
    • Mesophilia (derived from the Greek "mesos", "intermediate") is a sexual preference for middle-aged adults (40s and 50s). The term was coined by Michael Seto in 2016.[18]
    • Gerontophilia is a sexual preference for the elderly (60s and older).[19]

See also

References
  1. Seto, Michael. "What are chronophilias?". The Conversation. Retrieved 2023-03-27.
  2. Singal, Jesse (2016-08-23). "Being Into Middle-Aged People Is Probably a Sexual Orientation". The Cut. Retrieved 2023-03-27.
  3. Money, John (1986). Lovemaps: clinical concepts of sexual/erotic health and pathology, paraphilia, and gender transposition of childhood, adolescence, and maturity. pp. 70, 260. ISBN 978-0-8290-1589-8.
  4. Money, John (1990). Gay, Straight, and In-Between: The Sexology of Erotic Orientation. pp. 137, 183. ISBN 978-0-19-505407-1.
  5. Janssen, D.F. (2015). ""Chronophilia": Entries of Erotic Age Preference into Descriptive Psychopathology". Medical History. 59 (4): 575–598. doi:10.1017/mdh.2015.47. ISSN 0025-7273. PMC 4595948. PMID 26352305.
  6. DSM-5 U 03 Archived 2011-11-13 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Greenberg DM, Bradford J, Curry S (1995). "Infantophilia--a new subcategory of pedophilia?: a preliminary study". Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 23 (1): 63–71. PMID 7599373..
  8. World Health Organization, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems: ICD-10 Section F65.4: Pedophilia (online access via ICD-10 site map table of contents)
  9. Blanchard, R.; Kolla, N. J.; Cantor, J. M.; Klassen, P. E.; Dickey, R.; Kuban, M. E.; Blak, T. (2007). "IQ, handedness, and pedophilia in adult male patients stratified by referral source". Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 19 (3): 285–309. doi:10.1177/107906320701900307. PMID 17634757. S2CID 220359453.
  10. American Psychiatric Association, Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 Archived October 19, 2013, at the Wayback Machine Paraphilic disorders (page 18)
  11. American Psychiatric Association (June 2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV TR (Text Revision). Vol. 1. Arlington, VA, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. p. 943. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890423349. ISBN 978-0-89042-024-9. Archived from the original on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2010-05-14.
  12. "The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders – Diagnostic criteria for research" (PDF). (715 KB) (see F65.4, pp. 166–167)
  13. Fagan PJ, Wise TN, Schmidt CW, Berlin FS (November 2002). "Pedophilia". JAMA. 288 (19): 2458–65. doi:10.1001/jama.288.19.2458. PMID 12435259. Archived from the original on 2020-03-04. Retrieved 2010-05-14.
  14. Blanchard, R. Blanchard, R., Lykins, A. D., Wherrett, D., Kuban, M. E., Cantor, J. M., Blak, T., Dickey, R., & Klassen, P. E. (2008). Pedophilia, hebephilia, and the DSM–V. Archives of Sexual Behavior. doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9399-9.
  15. Glueck, B. C. Jr. (1955). Final report: Research project for the study and treatment of persons convicted of crimes involving sexual aberrations. June 1952 to June 1955. New York: New York State Department of Mental Hygiene.
  16. Blanchard, R.; Barbaree, H. E.; Bogaert, A. F.; Dickey, R.; Klassen, P.; Kuban, M. E.; Zucker, KJ; et al. (2000). "Fraternal birth order and sexual orientation in pedophiles". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 29 (5): 463–478. doi:10.1023/A:1001943719964. PMID 10983250. S2CID 19755751.
  17. Blanchard, R. & Barbaree, H. E. (2005). "The strength of sexual arousal as a function of the age of the sex offender: Comparisons among pedophiles, hebephiles, and teleiophiles". Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment. 17 (4): 441–456. doi:10.1177/107906320501700407. PMID 16341604. S2CID 220355347.
  18. Seto,M (2016). "The Puzzle of Male Chronophilias". Archives of Sexual Behavior. 46 (1): 3–22. doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0799-y. PMID 27549306. S2CID 1555795.
  19. Kaul, A.; Duffy, S. (1991). "Gerontophilia: A case report". Medicine, Science and the Law. 31 (2): 110–114. doi:10.1177/002580249103100204. PMID 2062191. S2CID 6455643.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.