List of premiers of New Brunswick

The Canadian province of New Brunswick was a British crown colony before it joined Canada in 1867.[1] It had a system of responsible government beginning in 1854, and has kept its own legislature to deal with provincial matters.[2] New Brunswick has a unicameral Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which the premier is the leader of the party that has the confidence of the Legislative Assembly to form a government. The premier is New Brunswick's head of government, and the king of Canada is its head of state and is represented by the lieutenant governor of New Brunswick. The premier picks a cabinet from the elected members to form the Executive Council of New Brunswick, and presides over that body.[3]

Members are first elected to the legislature during general elections. General elections must be conducted every five years from the date of the last election, but the premier may ask for early dissolution of the Legislative Assembly. An election may also take place if the governing party loses the confidence of the legislature by the defeat of a supply bill or tabling of a confidence motion.[3]

New Brunswick has had 36 individuals serve as first minister. The province had five individuals as leaders while a colony, and 31 individuals after Canadian Confederation, of which two were from the Confederation Party, 11 from the Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick, 15 from the New Brunswick Liberal Association, one from the Anti-Confederation Party, and seven with unofficial party affiliations.

Premiers of New Brunswick

  Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick   New Brunswick Liberal Association   Unofficial affiliation

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term of office Electoral mandates (Assembly) Political party Riding Ref.
Leader of the Government of the Colony of New Brunswick (1854–1867)
1
(1 of 2)
Charles Fisher
(1808–1880)		 1 November
1854		 May
1856		 Non-partisan MLA for York [4]
2
John Hamilton Gray
(1814–1889)		 21 June
1856		 June
1857		 Non-partisan MLA for Saint John County [5]
3
(2 of 2)
Charles Fisher
(1808–1880)		 1 June
1857		 19 March
1861		 Non-partisan MLA for York [4]
4
Samuel Leonard Tilley
(1818–1896)		 19 March
1861		 March
1865		 Non-partisan MLA for Saint John City
5
Albert James Smith
(1822–1883)		 21 September
1865		 14 April
1866		 Anti-Confederation MLA for Westmorland [6]
6
Peter Mitchell
(1824–1899)		 14 April
1866		 August
1867		 Confederation
(Ldr. 1866)		 Legislative Councillor for
colony at-large		 [7]
Premiers of the province of New Brunswick since Confederation (1867–present)
1
Andrew R. Wetmore
(1820–1892)		 16 August
1867		 25 May
1870		 Confederation
(Ldr. 1867)		 MLA for Saint John City [8]
2*
(1 of 2)
George E. King
(1839–1901)		 9 June
1870		 21 February
1871		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1870)		 MLA for Saint John County [9]
3
George L. Hathaway
(1813–1872)		 21 February
1871		 5 July
1872		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1871)		 MLA for York
4*
(2 of 2)
George E. King
(1839–1901)		 5 July
1872		 3 May
1878		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1872)		 MLA for Saint John County [9]
5
John James Fraser
(1829–1896)		 June
1878		 25 May
1882		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1878)		 MLA for York [10]
6
Daniel L. Hanington
(1835–1909)		 25 May
1882		 February
1883		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1882)		 MLA for Westmorland [11]
7
Andrew G. Blair
(1844–1907)		 3 March
1883		 17 July
1896		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1879)		 MLA for York
(1876-1892)
MLA for Queens
(1892-1896)		 [12]
8
James Mitchell
(1843–1897)		 17 July
1896		 29 October
1897		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1896)		 MLA for Charlotte
9
Henry Emmerson
(1853–1914)		 29 October
1897		 31 August
1900		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1897)		 MLA for Albert [13]
10
Lemuel J. Tweedie
(1849–1917)		 1 September
1900		 2 March
1907		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1900)		 MLA for Northumberland
11
William Pugsley
(1850–1925)		 6 March
1907		 31 May
1907		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1907)		 MLA for Kings
12
Clifford W. Robinson
(1866–1947)		 31 May
1907		 24 March
1908		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1907)		 MLA for Westmorland
13
John Douglas Hazen
(1860–1937)		 24 March
1908		 10 October
1911		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1899)		 MLA for Sunbury
14
James Kidd Flemming
(1868–1927)		 16 October
1911		 6 December
1914		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1911)		 MLA for Carleton [14]
15
George Clarke
(1857–1917)		 6 December
1914		 1 February
1917		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1914)		 MLA for Charlotte [15]
16
James A. Murray
(1864–1960)		 1 February
1917		 4 April
1917		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1917)		 MLA for Kings [16]
17
Walter E. Foster
(1873–1947)		 4 April
1917		 1 February
1923		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1916)		 MLA for Victoria
(1917-1920)
MLA for Saint John City
(1920-1923)		 [17]
18
Peter J. Veniot
(1863–1936)		 28 February
1923		 10 September
1925		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1923)		 MLA for Gloucester [18]
19
John B. M. Baxter
(1868–1946)		 14 September
1925		 19 May
1931		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1925)		 MLA for Saint John County [19]
20
Charles D. Richards
(1879–1956)		 18 May
1931		 2 June
1933		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1931)		 MLA for York [20]
21
Leonard P. D. Tilley
(1870–1947)		 1 June
1933		 12 July
1935		 Conservative
(Ldr. 1933)		 MLA for Saint John City [21]
22
Allison A. Dysart
(1880–1962)		 16 July
1935		 13 March
1940		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1926)		 MLA for Kent [22]
23
John B. McNair
(1889–1968)		 13 March
1940		 7 October
1952		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1940)		 MLA for Victoria
(1940-1944)
MLA for York
(1944-1952)
24
Hugh John Flemming
(1899–1982)		 8 October
1952		 11 July
1960		 Progressive Conservative
(Ldr. 1951)		 MLA for Carleton
25
Louis Joseph Robichaud
(1925–2005)		 12 July
1960		 11 November
1970		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1958)		 MLA for Kent
26
Richard Bennett Hatfield
(1931–1991)		 11 November
1970		 27 October
1987		 Progressive Conservative
(Ldr. 1967)		 MLA for Carleton
(1961-1974)
MLA for Carleton Centre
(1974-1987)
27
Frank McKenna
(b. 1948)		 27 October
1987		 14 October
1997		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1985)		 MLA for Chatham
(1982-1995)
MLA for Miramichi-Bay du Vin
(1995-1997)		 [23]
28
Ray Frenette
(1935–2018)		 14 October
1997		 14 May
1998		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1997)		 MLA for Moncton East
29
Camille Thériault
(b. 1955)		 14 May
1998		 21 June
1999		 Liberal
(Ldr. 1998)		 MLA for Kent South
30
Bernard Lord
(b. 1965)		 21 June
1999		 3 October
2006		 Progressive Conservative
(Ldr. 1997)		 MLA for Moncton East
31
Shawn Graham
(b. 1968)		 3 October
2006		 12 October
2010		 Liberal
(Ldr. 2002)		 MLA for Kent
32
David Alward
(b. 1959)		 12 October
2010		 7 October
2014		 Progressive Conservative
(Ldr. 2008)		 MLA for Woodstock
33
Brian Gallant
(b. 1982)		 7 October
2014		 9 November
2018		 Liberal
(Ldr. 2012)		 MLA for Shediac Bay-Dieppe
34
Blaine Higgs
(b. 1954)		 9 November
2018		 incumbent Progressive Conservative
(Ldr. 2016)		 MLA for Quispamsis

* The New Brunswick practice is to count George E. King as the 2nd and 4th premier.[24]

See also

References
General
  • "New Brunswick by the numbers". CBC. August 25, 2006. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  • "Premiers of New Brunswick". The Legislative Library of New Brunswick. Archived from the original on June 11, 2011. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  • Doyle, Arthur T. (1984). Elections in New Brunswick, 1784-1984. Fredericton: Brunswick Press. ISBN 0-88838-391-6.
Specific
  1. "Canadian Confederation". Library and Archives Canada. May 2, 2005. Archived from the original on June 22, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  2. "Responsible Government". Library and Archives Canada. May 2, 2005. Archived from the original on June 21, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  3. "The Legislative Process". Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  4. "Fisher, Charles (Hon.)" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  5. "John Hamilton Gray" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  6. "Albert J. Smith" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  7. "Peter Mitchell" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  8. "Andrew R. Wetmore" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  9. "King, George Edwin (Hon.)" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  10. "John James Fraser" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  11. "Daniel L. Hanington" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  12. "Andrew G. Blair" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 19, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  13. "Henry R. Emmerson" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  14. "James Kidd Flemming" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  15. "George J. Clarke" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  16. "James A. Murray" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  17. "Walter E. Foster" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  18. "Peter J. Veniot" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  19. "Baxter, John Babington Macaulay Sr" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 24, 2007. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  20. "Richards, Charles Dow" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  21. "Tilley, Leonard Percy DeWolfe" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  22. "Dysart, Albert Allison" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  23. "McKenna, Francis Joseph (Frank)" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 19, 2008. Retrieved November 9, 2008.
  24. "Shawn Graham Bios". Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick. August 26, 2010. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved March 19, 2011.

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