Lin Liheng
Lin Liheng (Chinese: 林立衡; born 31 August 1944) is the daughter of the late Chinese marshal Lin Biao and his wife Ye Qun. As the child of a prominent Chinese military and political leader, Lin was given minor but important positions during her youth. During the Cultural Revolution, Lin served as the deputy editor-in-chief of the newspaper of the People's Liberation Army Air Force. However, following her father's death and subsequent denouncement by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1971, Lin was stripped of her positions and detained indefinitely.
Lin Liheng | |||||||||
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 Lin in military uniform, c. 1960s | |||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||
| Born | 31 August 1944 Yan'an, Shaanxi, China | ||||||||
| Political party | Chinese Communist Party | ||||||||
| Relations | Lin Liguo (brother) | ||||||||
| Parent(s) | Lin Biao and Ye Qun | ||||||||
| Alma mater | |||||||||
| Military service | |||||||||
| Allegiance | People's Republic of China | ||||||||
| Branch/service | People's Liberation Army Air Force | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 林立衡 | ||||||||
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Lin's health deteriorated during her detainment and interrogation, especially during the Gang of Four's "Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius" campaign. She was released on CCP chairman Mao Zedong's personal orders in 1974. A year later, Deng Xiaoping gave Lin a minor position in a factory in Zhengzhou, Henan, but she lost her position in the aftermath of the Gang of Four's "Criticize Deng" campaign. Lin was rehabilitated in the mid-1980s by then CCP general secretary Zhao Ziyang, who allowed Lin to return to Beijing after receiving a letter of appeal from her.
Lin kept a low profile in Beijing as a contributor to the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and retired in 2002. After her retirement she opened a restaurant in Beijing, and has since spoken at a few public events.
Early life
Lin Liheng was born in Central Hospital in Yan'an, Shaanxi. In 1962, she joined the Chinese Communist Youth League and was admitted to the Department of Electronic Engineering of Tsinghua University. However, she was soon transferred to the Chinese Department of Peking University due to health complications. In 1965, she joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Cultural Revolution
Lin was the deputy editor-in-chief of the newspaper of the People's Liberation Army Air Force during the Cultural Revolution.
After her father's death in a plane crash in 1971, Lin was detained and investigated by the Chinese government, even though she was the one that informed Chinese premier Zhou Enlai of her father's death. In March 1974, the Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius campaign was started by the Gang of Four, which labelled Lin as "the nail left by Lin Biao".[1][2] She attempted suicide by taking sleeping pills but was rushed to an air force hospital and survived.[3] Over the course of her detainment and interrogation, Lin lost half of her hair and six of her teeth. She was released in 1974 on CCP chairman Mao Zedong's personal orders.[4]
After the Cultural Revolution
In October 1975, then Chief of the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army Deng Xiaoping proposed to transfer Lin from the military to local civilian work. Lin made a failed request to return to Beijing and was sent to work in an automobile factory in Zhengzhou, Henan, as a section-level cadre-deputy director of the factory's revolution committee. During her time in Zhengzhou, her movements were often restricted by the Chinese Ministry of Public Security. Following the Gang of Four's "Criticize Deng" campaign in 1976, Lin was stripped of her position and downgraded to a factory worker. Some time afterwards, she broke the phalanx bone in her right foot in a workplace accident. In 1984, she was admitted to a hospital after suffering from severe allergic reactions to the pesticides being produced at a factory near her home.[5]
In the mid-1980s, Lin wrote a letter of appeal to then CCP general secretary Zhao Ziyang. With the help of Zeng Zhi, the wife of her father's old subordinate Tao Zhu and the then deputy head of the Organization Department of the CCP Central Committee, her letter of appeal was received by Zhao. Soon after, Zhao ordered Lin to be rehabilitated and she was allowed to return to Beijing.[5]
Upon arriving in Beijing she began working for the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and changed her name to avoid public attention. She was a co-founder of the Chinese Modern Culture Association in 1989. She retired in 2002.
Later life
With money donated from her hometown of Huanggang, Hubei, Lin opened a restaurant in Beijing after her retirement and served as its general manager. The restaurant managed to attract a large number of diners from home and abroad.[5]
In 2009, the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression welcomed more than 80 children of the founding generals to celebrate the founding of People's Republic of China; Lin was among the invited. In 2011, during the Mid-Autumn Festival, Lin and her husband led an entourage to Öndörkhaan, Mongolia, where her father's plane crashed four decades prior, for a memorial service in honour of him.[6] On 1 November 2014, she attended a symposium of Chinese Red Army descendants and gave a speech asking for further investigations into incidents covered up during the Cultural Revolution, including the death of her father.[7]
References
- 林彪之女林立衡 揭“九一三”事件的真相(多图) – 史海钩沉 – 倍可亲
- 来自林彪女儿林立衡的报告 – 中国共产党新闻 – 人民网
- ""九一三"后的林立衡：遭到激烈批判，一度自杀". 人民网. 14 September 2012.
- Terrill, Ross. Mao: A Biography. Stanford University Press. p. 369. ISBN 978-0-8047-2921-5.
- "404，您访问的页面已经不存在!". www.sohu.com.
{{cite web}}: Cite uses generic title (help) - "此人是谁？林彪事件她功不可没，被审查时毛主席亲自解救，晚年善终！ – 雪花新闻". www.xuehua.us.
- "近百名红二代在京座谈 林彪之女公开露面(图)". 新浪. 6 November 2014.