Jim van Os

Jim van Os (born 1960) is a Dutch academic and psychiatrist. He is Professor of Psychiatry and medical manager of the Brain Center at Utrecht University Medical Center, the Netherlands.[1]

Jim van Os (2019)

Career

Van Os studied medicine in Amsterdam, psychiatry in Jakarta, Casablanca, Bordeaux, and London, and subsequently epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

He was formerly Professor of Psychiatry, Chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, and Director of Psychiatric Services at the Maastricht University Medical Center.[2] He is currently Professor of Psychiatry with a focus on psychiatric epidemiology and public mental health and medical manager of the Brain Center at Utrecht University Medical Centre, as well as visiting professor at the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom.

In 2011 he was elected member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.[3] In 2014 he was listed in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science list of "the world’s most influential scientific minds of our time" (since 2014).[4] He is on the editorial board of several major psychiatric journals, including Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, European Psychiatry, Psychological Medicine, Schizophrenia Research, and Schizophrenia Bulletin, additionally serving as an academic editor for PLOS One. He also served on the psychosis group for the DSM-5 Task Force.[5] His colleagues have voted him "best psychiatrist in the Netherlands" multiple times.[6]

Arguments that "schizophrenia" does not exist

In 2009, van Os proposed the retirement of the diagnosis, schizophrenia, citing its lack of validity and the risk of fundamental attribution error associated with the label. The label "schizophrenia" could cause difficulties on the clinician's part in communicating with the diagnosed person, due to erroneous preconceptions associated with the label.

In its place, van Os proposed a broad and general syndromal definition, more suited to personal diagnosis, which would reduce attribution error.[7] He cited previous work by other researchers that explains psychosis as aberrant salience regulation.[8]

In 2014 he explained his views in a TED talk.[9]

In 2015 he co-authored an article in a national newspaper, suggesting that "schizo-labels" be abandoned and replaced with more scientific and patient-friendly terminology.[10] The following week, his colleagues Rene Kahn, Iris Sommer, and Damiaan Denys published a counter-article, labeling Van Os and his colleagues as "antipsychiatrists".[11]

In 2016 he published an editorial in the BMJ arguing that disease classifications should drop the concept of schizophrenia, as it is an unhelpful description of symptoms.[12]

Partial bibliography
  • van Os, J.; Kapur, S. (2009). "Schizophrenia". Lancet. 374 (9690): 635–645. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60995-8. PMID 19700006. S2CID 208792724.
  • van Os, J; Kenis, G; Rutten, BP (2010). "The environment and schizophrenia". Nature. 468 (7321): 203–212. Bibcode:2010Natur.468..203V. doi:10.1038/nature09563. PMID 21068828. S2CID 4410308.
  • McGorry, P; van Os, J (2013). "Redeeming diagnosis in psychiatry. Timing versus specificity". Lancet. 381 (9863): 343–345. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61268-9. PMID 23351805. S2CID 29808038.
  • van Os, J (2009). "'Salience syndrome' replaces 'schizophrenia' in DSM-V and ICD-11: psychiatry's evidence-based entry into the 21st century?". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 120 (5): 363–372. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01456.x. PMID 19807717.
  • Van Os, J.; Linscott, R.J.; Myin-Germeys, I.; Delespaul, P.; Krabbendam, L. (2009). "A systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychosis continuum: evidence for a psychosis proneness-persistence-impairment model of psychotic disorder". Psychological Medicine. 39 (2): 179–195. doi:10.1017/s0033291708003814. PMID 18606047. S2CID 10102240.
  • Tamminga, C., Sirovatka, P., Regier, D.A. & Van Os, J. (2010) Deconstructing Psychosis: Refining the Research Agenda for DSM-V (Arlington, Virginia, American Psychiatric Association).
  • Groot, P.C. & van Os, J. (2021) "Tapering Medication (Tapering Strips) as a Necessary Tool for a Meaningful Conversation in the Doctor’s Office" (pp. 259-285). In: P. Lehmann & C. Newnes (eds.), Withdrawal from Prescribed Psychotropic Drugs. ISBN 978-3-925931-83-3, ISBN 978-3-925931-84-0, ISBN 978-0-9545428-8-7. Berlin / Lancaster: Peter Lehmann Publishing.

References
  1. "Prof. dr. J. van Os". Studium Generale. Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved 28 February 2023.
  2. "Prof. dr. Jim (J.J.) van Os". Maastricht UMC. Maastricht University.
  3. "Jim van Os". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 7 August 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
  4. http://thomsonreuters.com/en/articles/2014/worlds-most-influential-scientific-minds-2014.html Archived 2015-09-06 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 1-12-2015
  5. "Prof. dr. Jim (J.J.) van Os". Maastricht UMC. Maastricht University.
  6. "Van Os vertrekt naar Utrecht". Observant. Maastricht University.
  7. van Os J (February 2009). "A salience dysregulation syndrome". Br J Psychiatry. 194 (2): 101–3. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.054254. PMID 19182167.
  8. Kapur S (January 2003). "Psychosis as a state of aberrant salience: a framework linking biology, phenomenology, and pharmacology in schizophrenia". Am J Psychiatry. 160 (1): 13–23. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.13. PMID 12505794. S2CID 15910113.
  9. TED talk at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sE3gxX5CiW0
  10. Van Os et al, NRC Handelsblad, 2015, laten we de diagnose schizofrenie vergeten http://www.nrc.nl/handelsblad/2015/03/07/laten-we-de-diagnose-schizofrenie-vergeten-1472619
  11. Kahn et al, NRC Handelsblad, 2015: http://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2015/03/13/schizofrenie-als-diagnose-schrappen-is-anti-psychiatrie-uit-de-jaren-70
  12. Os, Jim van (2016-02-02). ""Schizophrenia" does not exist". BMJ. 352: i375. doi:10.1136/bmj.i375. ISSN 1756-1833. PMID 26837945. S2CID 116098585.
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